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Mahāyāna sūtra

The Flower Ornament Sūtra – 80 scrolls, 39 chapters in Vietnamese

The Avataṃsaka Sūtra — in full, the Great Vaipulya Sūtra of the Buddha's Flower Ornament — runs to 80 scrolls and 39 chapters. The Inti Dharma library holds all 80 scrolls in a Vietnamese translation from the Linh Sơn Pháp Bảo Đại Tạng Kinh. The index below shows which chapter each scroll belongs to, following the headings in the text, so you can find the chapter you want — such as Pure Conduct, the Ten Grounds, the Practice of Samantabhadra or Entering the Dharma Realm.

The opening of the Avataṃsaka Sūtra

Quoted verbatim from scroll 1 in the Inti Dharma library (Vietnamese text).

Như vậy tôi nghe, một lúc Phật ở nước Ma Kiệt Đề, trong đạo tràng bồ đề, ban đầu thành Vô thượng Chánh giác. Nơi đó đất cứng chắc, bằng Kim Cang.

Read the whole sūtra →

Read the sūtra – 80 scrolls

Each box is one scroll; the small line names the chapter that begins there, or the chapter it continues.

  1. Scroll 1Ch. 1 The Wondrous Adornments of the Rulers of the Worlds
  2. Scroll 2ch. 1 continued
  3. Scroll 3ch. 1 continued
  4. Scroll 4ch. 1 continued
  5. Scroll 5ch. 1 continued
  6. Scroll 6Ch. 2 The Appearance of the Tathāgata
  7. Scroll 7Ch. 3 Samantabhadra's Samādhi · Ch. 4 The Formation of the Worlds
  8. Scroll 8Ch. 5 The Flower-Treasury World
  9. Scroll 9ch. 5 continued
  10. Scroll 10ch. 5 continued
  11. Scroll 11Ch. 6 Vairocana
  12. Scroll 12Ch. 7 The Names of the Tathāgata · Ch. 8 The Four Noble Truths
  13. Scroll 13Ch. 9 Awakening by Light · Ch. 10 The Bodhisattvas' Questions
  14. Scroll 14Ch. 11 Pure Conduct · Ch. 12 Chief in Goodness
  15. Scroll 15ch. 12 continued
  16. Scroll 16Ch. 13 Ascending the Peak of Mount Sumeru · Ch. 14 Verses of Praise on Sumeru · Ch. 15 The Ten Abodes
  17. Scroll 17Ch. 16 Pure Practice · Ch. 17 The Merit of the First Resolve
  18. Scroll 18Ch. 18 Clarifying the Dharma
  19. Scroll 19Ch. 19 The Palace of the Yāma Heaven · Ch. 20 Verses of Praise in the Yāma Palace · Ch. 21 The Ten Practices
  20. Scroll 20ch. 21 continued
  21. Scroll 21Ch. 22 The Inexhaustible Treasuries
  22. Scroll 22Ch. 23 Ascending the Tuṣita Palace
  23. Scroll 23Ch. 24 Verses of Praise in Tuṣita · Ch. 25 The Ten Dedications
  24. Scroll 24ch. 25 continued
  25. Scroll 25ch. 25 continued
  26. Scroll 26ch. 25 continued
  27. Scroll 27ch. 25 continued
  28. Scroll 28ch. 25 continued
  29. Scroll 29ch. 25 continued
  30. Scroll 30ch. 25 continued
  31. Scroll 31ch. 25 continued
  32. Scroll 32ch. 25 continued
  33. Scroll 33ch. 25 continued
  34. Scroll 34Ch. 26 The Ten Grounds
  35. Scroll 35ch. 26 continued
  36. Scroll 36ch. 26 continued
  37. Scroll 37ch. 26 continued
  38. Scroll 38ch. 26 continued
  39. Scroll 39ch. 26 continued
  40. Scroll 40Ch. 27 The Ten Concentrations
  41. Scroll 41ch. 27 continued
  42. Scroll 42ch. 27 continued
  43. Scroll 43ch. 27 continued
  44. Scroll 44Ch. 28 The Ten Superknowledges · Ch. 29 The Ten Acceptances
  45. Scroll 45Ch. 30 The Incalculable · Ch. 31 Life Span · Ch. 32 The Dwelling Places of the Bodhisattvas
  46. Scroll 46Ch. 33 The Inconceivable Qualities of the Buddhas
  47. Scroll 47ch. 33 continued
  48. Scroll 48Ch. 34 The Ocean of Marks of the Tathāgata's Ten Bodies · Ch. 35 The Radiance of the Tathāgata's Minor Marks
  49. Scroll 49Ch. 36 The Practice of Samantabhadra
  50. Scroll 50Ch. 37 The Appearance of the Tathāgata
  51. Scroll 51ch. 37 continued
  52. Scroll 52ch. 37 continued
  53. Scroll 53Ch. 38 Detachment from the World
  54. Scroll 54ch. 38 continued
  55. Scroll 55ch. 38 continued
  56. Scroll 56ch. 38 continued
  57. Scroll 57ch. 38 continued
  58. Scroll 58ch. 38 continued
  59. Scroll 59ch. 38 continued
  60. Scroll 60Ch. 39 Entering the Dharma Realm
  61. Scroll 61ch. 39 continued
  62. Scroll 62ch. 39 continued
  63. Scroll 63ch. 39 continued
  64. Scroll 64ch. 39 continued
  65. Scroll 65ch. 39 continued
  66. Scroll 66ch. 39 continued
  67. Scroll 67ch. 39 continued
  68. Scroll 68ch. 39 continued
  69. Scroll 69ch. 39 continued
  70. Scroll 70ch. 39 continued
  71. Scroll 71ch. 39 continued
  72. Scroll 72ch. 39 continued
  73. Scroll 73ch. 39 continued
  74. Scroll 74ch. 39 continued
  75. Scroll 75ch. 39 continued
  76. Scroll 76ch. 39 continued
  77. Scroll 77ch. 39 continued
  78. Scroll 78ch. 39 continued
  79. Scroll 79ch. 39 continued
  80. Scroll 80ch. 39 continued

How the sūtra opens

The first chapter, the Wondrous Adornments of the Rulers of the Worlds, fills five scrolls: the Buddha is in Magadha, at the seat of awakening, having just attained supreme awakening; the place is described in images of jewels, light and wondrous sound, and then kings of the gods, kings of the spirits and great bodhisattvas, each with a «door of liberation», come to praise him. The sūtra does not unfold as a continuous story but as a vast assembly moving through many places.

How the 39 chapters are arranged

After the Flower-Treasury world and the Buddha Vairocana (chapters 5 and 6), the sūtra moves through assemblies on Mount Sumeru, in the Yāma heaven and in the Tuṣita heaven, each tied to a group of bodhisattva practices: the Ten Abodes (chapter 15), the Ten Practices (chapter 21), the Ten Dedications (chapter 25, across scrolls 23 to 33) and the Ten Grounds (chapter 26, scrolls 34–39). Then come the Ten Concentrations, Superknowledges and Acceptances, the Practice of Samantabhadra (scroll 49), the Appearance of the Tathāgata and Detachment from the World.

The last chapter, Entering the Dharma Realm, runs to 21 scrolls (60 to 80). From scrolls 62–63 on, the sūtra follows the pilgrimage of the youth Sudhana as he seeks out one good friend after another — householders, laywomen, night goddesses and many more — each giving him a door of liberation. This is the part many people look for when they ask about «the Sudhana chapter».

Reading it in the library

Each scroll is its own reading page; the start of each chapter notes which scrolls of the Chinese text it spans. A newcomer may begin with Pure Conduct (scroll 14) — vows tied to each ordinary act of the day — or the Practice of Samantabhadra (scroll 49) before the long chapters. The sūtra is very large: one scroll a day still takes nearly three months. The library holds the Vietnamese translation only, with no transliteration, recording or download.

Frequently asked questions

How many scrolls and chapters are there?

The library's version has 80 scrolls and 39 chapters; the longest chapter, Entering the Dharma Realm, runs from scroll 60 to scroll 80.

Where is the Sudhana chapter?

In chapter 39, Entering the Dharma Realm; Sudhana's search for good friends is told from about scroll 62–63 to the end of the sūtra.

Where should I start?

Pure Conduct (scroll 14) or the Practice of Samantabhadra (scroll 49) make a good start, being short and easy to bring into daily life; then read from scroll 1 in order.