San Lo Bi Vb Pc 135Going Wandering
Pāli / Sanskrit:Cārikanapakkamana
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Explanation of the Cārikana-Pakkamana Sutta (Going on Journey)
Background
The Cārikana-Pakkamana Sutta belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Theravāda tradition of the Buddhist Dharma. It is part of the Sutta Vibhaṅga, the division analyzing the rules, specifically within the regulations concerning the Pātimokkha, the overall code of discipline for monks and nuns.
This sutta records the Buddha’s guidance for bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs concerning how to act when traveling or leaving a residence. It is not a Dharma discourse but a disciplinary sutta, that is, rules of conduct intended to maintain discipline in practice and protect the welfare of the Sangha community.
The background from which this sutta arose lies in the period when the Buddhist Dharma was strongly developing and the Sangha had many members; therefore detailed rules were needed to regulate the lifestyle and conduct of monastics. Regulation concerning “going on journey” was necessary to ensure that monks did not abandon responsibilities, did not cause anxiety to the community, and always preserved the honor of the Holy Teaching.
Main Content
The Cārikana-Pakkamana Sutta sets forth the actions and intentions to be considered when a monk or nun intends to leave a dwelling place to travel. These regulations include:
First, the matter of intention (cetanā). When a monastic intends to leave a residence to travel, he or she must be clear about the purpose and must not do so for misguided reasons or to avoid responsibility.
Second, the regulation concerning notification (ñāpeti). This is an important principle: before leaving, a monk or nun should inform fellow members of the Sangha, especially those senior in years or those who manage the community, so as not to create unease or anxiety.
Third, the conditions related to distance (dūra) and time (samaya). It must be clearly understood that “going on journey” is not the abandonment of responsibility or disappearing, but a form of practice and learning, or it may also be for helping other regions.
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