Xct Mu Bi Sk 103Sandals

Explanation of the Upāhanāruḷha Text (The Sandals Text)

Background

The Upāhanāruḷha text belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka, an essential part of the Pāli Canon in the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. This text records detailed regulations concerning the conduct of monastic members, especially in relation to daily requisites and expressions of collective discipline.

The word “Upāhanāruḷha” means “to climb onto / place the feet on sandals.” This is not an independent sutra but part of the Bhikkhu-Pātimokkha, or more specifically part of the Khandhaka chapters of rules. The teaching context arose when the Buddha and his disciples lived together at Sāvatthi or in other places, where issues concerning the outward appearance and habits of monastics arose.

Main Content

This text addresses the matter of wearing footwear (upāhana — sandals, shoes) by bhikkhus. Specifically, it states that a bhikkhu should not wear sandals or shoes in certain circumstances, or should not place his feet on another person’s sandals disrespectfully. This is an expression of respect for the common property of the monastic community and of maintaining the spirit of humility.

According to the spirit of the Theravāda Vinaya Piṭaka, these regulations are not arbitrary commands but arise from specific events. When a bhikkhu or a group of bhikkhus acted in a way unsuitable to discipline, the Buddha established a rule to prevent it in the future. The rule concerning sandals reflects a broader principle: every member of the Sangha must respect the property of others and should not appear rude or arrogant.

This is closely related to the Thirty-Seven Wings of Awakening (Bodhipakkhiya Dhamma), especially the factors connected with vigilance (appamāda) and moral shame and moral dread (hiri-ottappa).

Practical Meaning

Although the matter of sandals may seem minor, it contains a profound lesson.