Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Pc 147Jewellery
Pāli / Sanskrit:Itthālaṅkāra
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Explanation of the Itthālaṅkāra Sutra (Jewelry)
Background
The Itthālaṅkāra Sutra belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Pāli Canon, specifically within the Pacittiya section, lighter prohibitions for which bhikkhus must openly confess before the Sangha if they transgress. This is a rule related to the clothing and adornment of bhikkhunīs, reflecting the deliberate concern of Theravāda Buddhism in guiding female disciples to maintain simplicity, avoid conceit, and stay away from factors that distract the mind.
When the Buddha was still in the world, he repeatedly reminded disciples that outward adornment is an obstacle to the work of practice. This text was recorded after an incident involving bhikkhunīs adorning themselves and wearing jewelry to increase their attractiveness, thereby distracting the mind and violating the principle of pure practice.
Main Content
The Itthālaṅkāra rule forbids bhikkhunīs to use ornaments such as bracelets (kaṇṇikāra), gold or silver necklaces (suvaṇṇa, rajata), or beautifying adornments (alaṅkāra) intended to enhance attractive appearance. These are not absolutely forbidden items in worldly life, but in the context of pure monastic practice they become signs of ambition and conceit that a monastic should abandon.
The text states clearly that wearing jewelry with the intention of making oneself appear more attractive can create conditions for unwholesome states such as sensual desire and conceit to arise. It also indirectly obstructs meditation practice, because the mind is not quiet. If a bhikkhunī violates this rule, she must openly confess, because the violation is regarded as a lack of care in cultivating the mind.
This does not mean that bhikkhunīs should neglect personal hygiene. Keeping the body clean with suitable clothing is appropriate, but the purpose must be practical, not to enhance charm or attractiveness.
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