Lzh Mg Bu Pm As 3Resolution Because of Past Insanity
Pāli / Sanskrit:Amūḷhavinaya
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Commentary on the Amūḷhavinaya
Liberation from Delusion Through the Vinaya
Background
Amūḷhavinaya (amūḷha = not deluded; vinaya = discipline) is a section within the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Pāli Canon, which records the rules of practice and the governance of the monastic community in Theravāda Buddhism. This text concerns a bhikkhu or bhikkhunī who was previously in a state of mental derangement (amūḷha) — whether due to illness, intoxication, or other factors affecting one's faculties of perception — and who, upon returning to a state of clarity, requests to be recognized and reinstated within the practicing community.
Within the Vinaya Piṭaka, the regulations pertaining to mental derangement are of the utmost importance, as they bear upon the nature of parivāsa (probationary penance) and other disciplinary measures. If a person commits an offense while in a state of derangement, their case may be treated with greater leniency, or they may even be absolved, since their capacity for self-cultivation was insufficient to bear full responsibility. This text addresses how a monastic, upon regaining clarity, is to be received back through a specific procedure by which the condition of derangement is formally resolved.
Principal Content
The Amūḷhavinaya stipulates that when a bhikkhu or bhikkhunī returns to clarity after a state of derangement, they must carry out a resolution (adhiṭṭhāna) or formal act confirming that they have returned to a sound state of mind and are prepared once again to abide in accordance with the Discipline. This is not a severe punishment, but rather a process of rehabilitation — a reaffirmation of one's commitment to the Dhamma and the Saṅgha.
According to the rules of the Discipline, when a member of the Saṅgha is in a state of derangement, they are exempt from disciplinary liability for actions performed during that period. However, upon regaining clarity, they must make a definitive declaration (paṭisānīya) — that is, they must demonstrate their return to a sound state of mind by undertaking a certain act of service or rectification. This enables them to re-establish their bond with the Saṅgha and the Dhamma.
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