Lzh Dg Bu Pm Pc 46Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround
Pāli / Sanskrit:Uyyojana
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The Uyyojana Sutta: A Teaching on Sending a Teacher Back from Almsround
Background
The Uyyojana Sutta belongs to the Pācittiya section, the minor offenses, in the Vinaya Piṭaka, the collection of ethical rules for bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs. The background for the appearance of this discourse is related to a practical situation in the life of the early Sangha.
The Buddha Gotama established rules concerning almsround (piṇḍapāta), one of the important means of training that helps bhikkhus cultivate humility, abandon greed, and let go of conceit. However, in the course of practice, there were cases in which bhikkhus or bhikkhunīs needed to be sent back from the almsround for certain reasons, perhaps illness, excessive fatigue, or other urgent situations. The Uyyojana Sutta is the section regulating the manner of handling such cases and the responsibility of the Sangha.
Main Content
According to the Pāli Canon tradition, the Uyyojana Sutta determines that when a teacher, a bhikkhu, or female monastics need to be sent back from an almsround, this must be done respectfully and according to communal rules. Not just anyone may send a monastic back on their own initiative; this action must be performed with the witnessing and consent of the Sangha.
The discourse states that the person sending the teacher back must have a clear intention: not for any trivial reason, but for the actual welfare of that monastic or for the common benefit of the Sangha. This action is also not to be regarded as reluctant interference, but as a responsible action performed with deep understanding of the principles of practice.
The Pācittiya rule related to Uyyojana emphasizes that if a bhikkhu sends back, or attempts to send back, another monastic from the almsround without a proper reason, or performs this action carelessly, he commits a Pācittiya offense, that is, an offense that must be confessed and repented before the Sangha.
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