Bu Sk 66. Being unrestrained
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyasusaṁvuta
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Dutiyasusaṁvuta Sutta: On Lack of Discipline
Background
The Dutiyasusaṁvuta Sutta (On Lack of Discipline) is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Pāli Canon, within the chapter concerning the training rules for the community of monks and nuns. These regulations were established by the Blessed One Śākyamuni Buddha in order to govern the communal life of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs within the Saṅgha.
Within the context of the Theravāda Vinaya, the concept of susaṁvuta (discipline, self-restraint) is a central element of Buddhist monastic precepts. It is not a code of law imposed from without, but rather a voluntary restraint of the sense faculties, the mind, and one's actions, undertaken for the protection of oneself as well as the protection of the monastic community. Dutiyasusaṁvuta, or "lack of discipline" (being poorly restrained), is regarded as the state contrary to proper practice.
This sutta was taught as a reminder to bhikkhus of the importance of maintaining voluntary discipline—not out of fear of punishment, but out of a clear understanding of its benefits for progress along the path of practice.
Main Content
The Dutiyasusaṁvuta Sutta focuses on an analysis of the condition of a bhikkhu or bhikkhunī who does not maintain discipline. A practitioner who lacks discipline (asusaṁvuta) is characterized by laxity in three important areas: restraint of the sense faculties (indriya-saṁvara), moderation in eating (bhojane mattaññutā), and vigilant application of the mind (jāgariyānuyoga).
Specifically, one who lacks discipline exhibits such tendencies as: the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and body being left unguarded in contact with sense objects; eating without moderation and without knowing what is sufficient; and making no effort to maintain clarity of mind, allowing the mind to fall into a state of dullness or distraction. The consequence of such lack of discipline is the accumulation of unwholesome tendencies within the mind, leading to a decline in wisdom and in the capacity for practice.
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