Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Sk 20Well-Restrained (2nd)
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyasusaṁvuta
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THE DUTIYASUSAṀVUTA SUTRA (THE SECOND WELL-RESTRAINED PERSON)
Background
The Dutiyasusaṁvuta Sutra is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, specifically in the Pātimokkha, the individual precepts, or rules of conduct for bhikkhus. In its historical context, this sutra was recorded after the Buddha established the Sangha and further developed the precepts to protect the purity of the community of practice.
The title “The Second Well-Restrained Person” (Dutiyasusaṁvuta) indicates that this is a repeated or expanded version of an earlier teaching. This approach reflects the teaching method of the Buddhadharma, in which important contents are repeated many times from different angles to ensure that the flourishing Sangha understands them clearly and remembers them long. The background of the compilation of this sutra is connected with the Buddha and his close disciples building disciplinary standards (susaṁvuta) to train the Sangha into monastics of noble virtue.
Main Content
The Dutiyasusaṁvuta Sutra focuses on the concept of the “well-restrained person” (susaṁvuta), a key term in the Vinaya Piṭaka. This is not merely the observance of outward rules, but the guarding of thought, speech, and action, the three kinds of karma (kāya, vāca, mano).
The well-restrained person is described as a monastic who regularly cultivates quietude (Pāli: santibhāvanā), avoids conduct that causes disturbance, and does not disrupt the harmony of the Sangha. Such a person reflects on the consequences of each action, especially actions that may harm the discipline of the Sangha and the practice of oneself and fellow practitioners.
The sutra emphasizes that the second well-restrained person is one who not only observes the precepts taught by the Buddha, but also has the capacity to tame the mind and overcome negative tendencies of the mind. This is the union of outward discipline (adhisīla) with cultivation of the mind (adhicitta).
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