Lzh Sarv Bu Pm Sk 20Well-Restrained (2nd)
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyasusaṁvuta
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Explanation of the Dutiyasusaṁvuta Sutta (Well-Restrained the Second Time)
Context
The Dutiyasusaṁvuta Sutta is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, especially in the section of regulations on training and disciplining the mind of one who follows the Buddha. The Early Buddhist tradition regards the Vinaya Piṭaka as an indispensable foundation on the path of practice, because it establishes discipline of body, speech, and mind, the three basic forms of action that one gone forth must restrain mindfully.
The word "susaṁvuta" (well restrained) refers to a state of being well disciplined, that is, the senses are governed and the mind is controlled. The title "The Second Time" (Dutiya) may indicate a renewed emphasis or further development of this theme, an approach from another or deeper aspect of practicing restraint.
Main Content
In the context of the Vinaya Piṭaka, this sutta emphasizes the concept of "indriya-saṃvara" (restraint of the faculties). The Buddha teaches that a bhikkhu or bhikkhunī who is truly well restrained is one who knows how to guard the doors of the sense faculties: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind. When the eye contacts forms, the ear contacts sounds, or the mind contacts mental phenomena, the practitioner does not allow anger, greed, or delusion to grow. Instead, they maintain mindfulness (sati) and clear comprehension (sampajañña), a clear awareness of what is occurring.
This sutta is also related to provisions concerning eating, sleeping, and the daily activities of those gone forth. Being "well restrained" is not only observing the prohibitions in the Pātimokkha, but also being conscious of action, speech, and thought. A truly restrained pilgrim practices with moderation and humility, without greed and without causing harm.
The phrase "The Second Time" may point to a deeper layer of restraint: not only avoiding actions contrary to the rules, but also nurturing compassion, wisdom, and meditative mindfulness. This is the union of self-discipline (tapa) and spiritual well-being (sukha).
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