Bi Ss 44. Readmitting an ejected nun
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ukkhittakaosāraṇa
A nun who, without permission, reinstates another nun who has been legitimately ejected is to be suspended.
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Ukkhittakaosāraṇa Discourse
Readmitting an Ejected Nun
Background
This text belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Theravāda Buddhist tradition, forming part of the Bhikkhunī Vinaya. The Vinaya Piṭaka is the collection of rules for monastic practice and community discipline that the Buddha Śākyamuni established to safeguard the purity of the Sangha, and in particular to maintain harmony and order within the community of nuns.
Ukkhittakaosāraṇa, or "Readmitting an ejected nun," addresses complex situations in the administration of discipline. A nun may be "ejected" (ukkhitta) from the Sangha—that is, temporarily suspended or expelled—upon committing violations of the four Pārājikas (the four grave offenses) or other serious transgressions. The process of readmission must follow strict procedures as determined by the Sangha.
Principal Content
According to the rule set forth in this text, if a nun, without the consent of the Sangha or of those holding proper authority (ordinarily the senior nuns or elders), independently readmits or "reinstates" (saraṇa) a nun who has been formally ejected, that nun must undergo the penalty of probation (parivāsa) or even the disciplinary measure of mānatta.
The reason for this rule is to protect the collective autonomy of the Sangha. Sangha discipline is not the act of an individual but a collective decision. Were individual members permitted to decide on the readmission of those who have been ejected, this would undermine the integrity of the Sangha and weaken the authority of its discipline. All matters pertaining to ejection and readmission must be discussed and ratified before the full assembly of the Sangha, through formal proceedings (upasampadā or parivāsa).
This rule likewise reflects the principle of Sangha Sammati—the consent of the Sangha—one of the foundational characteristics of the Buddhist Sangha.
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