San Sarv Bu Pm Tf 11 Pc 51Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround

Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround

AI Explanation — San Sarv Bu Pm Tf 11 Pc 51

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Source Status

This is an AI explanation synthesized from the available descriptive information, not a full-text translation from the original document. The full text of this training rule belongs to the Comparative Vinaya — Sanskrit, of the sectarian Buddhist canonical tradition, and at present there is no complete and direct aligned version in the accessed data repository. Therefore, the content below reflects only what can be determined on a grounded basis from the provided descriptive information, combined with general understanding of the structure and semantics of the Sanskrit Vinaya. Readers who wish to study the full text should compare it directly with the Sanskrit source text of the Sarvāstivāda tradition, or the corresponding sectarian tradition, and with specialized scholarly editions.

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Context

This training rule is found in the Comparative Vinaya — Sanskrit, belonging to the body of materials comparing Vinaya texts among early Buddhist schools. The identifier San Sarv Bu Pm Tf 11 Pc 51 indicates that this is:

• San: Sanskrit text
• Sarv: Belonging to the Sarvāstivāda tradition—one of the major Buddhist schools with a rich Vinaya system, transmitted chiefly through Sanskrit texts and Chinese translations, such as the Ten Recitations Vinaya
• Bu: Bhikkhu—a training rule for bhikkhus, male monastics
• Pm: Pātimokkha—belonging to the code of discipline, that is, the collection of basic training rules to be recited and practiced periodically
• Tf 11: Classification group number
• Pc 51: Pācittika in Pāli, or its equivalent in the Sarvāstivāda tradition—this is a training rule in the Pācittiya/Pāyantika group, a class of offenses requiring confession, lighter than the Aniyata or Pārājika classes

The Sanskrit title Uyyojana (also transcribed as Uyojana) means “driving away,” “sending off,” or “the act of causing another to leave.” In the context of the Vinaya, this term often indicates the action of a bhikkhu who actively drives away or compels another bhikkhu to leave an almsround or a place of receiving food.

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Content Determinable from the Descriptive Information

The Vietnamese title “Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround,” the English title “Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround,” and the original term Uyyojana allow the focus of this training rule to be identified with relative clarity:

Training rule Pc 51 in the Sarvāstivāda tradition regulates the act of a bhikkhu actively driving away, refusing, or compelling another bhikkhu to turn back while he is on almsround or participating in a shared almsround. This action is regarded as a violation of discipline and requires confession.

The context of the training rule is generally related to situations such as: a bhikkhu acting from jealousy and wishing to monopolize offerings from donors; or misusing personal authority to exclude another from the opportunity to receive food; or behaving without compassion and equality in the communal life of the Sangha. This training rule is intended to protect equality and harmony in the Sangha, especially in the context where the almsround is the foundation for sustaining the body and the practice of renunciants.

In many parallel Vinaya traditions, similar training rules appear with the same general spirit: the act of excluding or depriving another of the opportunity to receive food, for any unjustified reason, is an expression of greed, hatred, or conceit—hindrances directly opposed to the path of liberation.

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Meaning for Practice

Although this training rule belongs to the Pācittiya group—a relatively light level of confession in the system of the disciplinary code—it carries a profound and fundamental message for practice:

First, the life of almsround is not only a means of sustaining the body, but also an opportunity for renunciants to practice non-attachment, equanimity, and accordance with conditions. Driving away another person in this context is a violation at the very center of the renunciant ideal.

Second, the act of Uyyojana reflects the mentality of discrimination, exclusion, and competition, which is entirely contrary to the spirit of Sangha harmony (Saṃgha-sāmaggi). The disciplinary rule in this case functions as a mirror for the inner mind, reminding practitioners to examine continually the motives of their actions.

Third, from the standpoint of sectarian comparison, the presence of this training rule in the Sarvāstivāda tradition—together with similar training rules in other Vinayas—shows that this was a universal issue in Sangha life, not limited to any specific culture or period. Comparative study among the schools concerning this training rule can help us understand more clearly how early monastic communities resolved internal conflicts and protected equality among members.

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Comparative Note

The full text of training rule San Sarv Bu Pm Tf 11 Pc 51 has not been directly collated within the scope of this explanation. Researchers who wish to understand precisely the structure of the training rule, the conditions for offense, the exceptions, and the form of confession according to the Sarvāstivāda Vinaya should consult specialized scholarly sources on Sanskrit Vinaya, especially works in comparative multi-school Vinaya studies, in order to gain the most comprehensive and accurate view of this training rule.