San Sarv Bu Pm Finot Sk 98Nokkhittakāyassa

Explanation of the Nokkhittakāyassa Sutta

Background

Nokkhittakāyassa is a scriptural section belonging to the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Theravada Buddhist tradition. The Vinaya Pitaka is the collection of training rules and discipline for bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs in the Sangha. The name “Nokkhittakāyassa” in Pāli means “bodies that have been revealed” or “forms not concealed,” referring to regulations concerning modesty and bodily propriety in the religious community.

The background for the establishment of these rules arises from the practical needs of the Sangha: it was necessary to maintain discipline and purity, and to encourage lay Buddhists to place faith in the Sangha. The Buddha promulgated these regulations to protect both the monastics and the reputation of the Dharma.

Main Content

The rules in Nokkhittakāyassa revolve around the principle that the bodies of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs should not be exposed in an improper or undignified manner. This includes specific guidance on clothing, bathing, and conduct in public situations.

The text stipulates that bhikkhus must always wear the kāṣāya robe (kathina) properly, especially when leaving their quarters, walking among the public, or participating in communal activities. The body must not be fully exposed; certain parts must be covered to express solemnity and respect toward the Sangha as well as the public. This is not a rule adopted from another religion, but a part of the Patimokkha transmitted by the Buddha.

Violations connected with Nokkhittakāyassa may entail different consequences depending on their severity, ranging from admonition to penalties according to Sangha regulations. The purpose is not punishment, but education and the restoration of personal discipline.

Practical Meaning

In the modern context, Nokkhittakāyassa teaches us about the role of discipline in bodily action (kāya-samvara) as a first step on the path of practice.