San Mu Bu Pm GBM 3 Pc 56Living With an Ejected Monastic
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ukkhittasambhoga
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THE TEXT ON LIVING WITH AN EJECTED BHIKKHU
Ukkhittasambhoga
Background
This text appears in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, specifically among the rules concerning communal life in the Sangha. During the Buddha’s lifetime, the monastic community needed to follow strict disciplinary principles in order to maintain purity and harmony. The Ukkhittasambhoga text addresses the case of a bhikkhu, or bhikkhunī, who has been expelled from the Sangha community for violating the discipline, yet still needs to live together with the others. This is a practical issue of monastic management and cultivation in the context of a community with internal conflict.
This situation reflects the balance between strict disciplinary principle and compassion, together with a readiness to revise decisions. It shows that the Sangha is not a rigid organization, but a living community with the capacity for adjustment and correction.
Main Content
The text handles the situation in which a bhikkhu has been expelled (ukkhitta) because of violations of Sangha rules, yet still must reside in the same monastery or area as other bhikkhus. The question is: are other bhikkhus permitted to have contact, communicate, or share daily objects with the expelled bhikkhu?
The Vinaya Piṭaka states that during a period of expulsion (parivāsa or other forms of discipline), a bhikkhu does not enjoy certain privileges of the Sangha. However, this text emphasizes practical boundaries: the expelled bhikkhu still needs to maintain cleanliness, eat, and reside safely. Other bhikkhus are not absolutely forbidden to speak to or help him, but they must avoid special acts that express recognition or esteem for the expelled person within the community.
Importantly, this text not only establishes restrictions but also sets out paths by which the expelled bhikkhu has the opportunity to correct himself and be readmitted into the community.
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