Lzh Sarv Bu Vb Pc 56Living With an Ejected Monastic
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ukkhittasambhoga
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Explanation of the Ukkhittasambhoga Discourse (Living With an Ejected Bhikkhu)
Background
The Ukkhittasambhoga discourse belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the early tradition, specifically in the Pācittiya section, prohibitions concerning light offenses. This discourse addresses a special situation in the monastic community, related to discipline and the handling of those who have gone forth but have been expelled from the Sangha.
The background occurred during the time of the Buddha Śākyamuni, as regulations concerning the order of practice were gradually completed to maintain the purity of the Sangha. If a bhikkhu violated the discipline seriously and was expelled by decision of the Sangha (ukkhitta), the remaining members of the community needed to know how to behave correctly.
Main Content
This discourse states that bhikkhus who still reside in the monastic establishment but have been expelled by the Sangha are not permitted to live together (sambhoga) with other bhikkhus in important communal activities. This means that they cannot:
Eat together in the same place like the others, participate in public pabbajjā ceremonies, attend Dharma assemblies, and especially take part in common decisions of the Sangha.
However, this separation is not absolute in nature. The expelled person may still continue to practice and continue to maintain discipline, but must endure social separation within the monastic community. This is a form of disciplinary measure intended to create pressure encouraging the person to correct his mistake, or, if not, to maintain the purity of the Sangha through isolation.
This regulation reflects an important principle of the Vinaya Piṭaka: the monastic community must be united in ethics and discipline. When a member has violated high-ranking prohibitions, such as the four Pārājikas or the thirteen Saṅghādisesas, the community must have a mechanism to maintain its purity.
Practical Meaning
The Ukkhittasambhoga discourse teaches us that in the monastic community, discipline is not personal comfort but the protection of the collective.
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