Lzh Sarv Bu Vb Sk 104On Plants

EXPLANATION OF THE DISCOURSE ON PLANTS (HARITEUCCĀRA)

Background

The Discourse “On Plants” (Hariteuccāra) is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Pāli Canon, in the Bhikkhunī Vibhaṅga, the rules governing female monastics. This section is not a set of lofty philosophical teachings, but practical regulations intended to protect the integrity of the fourfold Buddhist community and protect nature. The background for the arising of this rule is that Buddha Śākyamuni witnessed conduct not in accord with the teaching when bhikkhus behaved carelessly toward nature, especially toward plants.

In the climate of India, where grasses and plants grow abundantly, regulating the actions of the fourfold community toward plants is not only a matter of discipline, but also expresses loving-kindness (mettā) and respect for life. This rule records an important aspect: bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs need to be careful when using or touching plants in daily life.

Main Content

The rule on plants in the Vinaya Piṭaka states that bhikkhunīs should not thoughtlessly or intentionally destroy plants through carelessness. Specifically, cutting, breaking, or damaging plants without a legitimate reason is regarded as a violation of the principles of life. This discourse distinguishes between permitted and prohibited actions based on the intention (cetanā) of the actor.

The core principle is: if a female monastic intentionally destroys plants merely out of harshness or carelessness, that is improper conduct. However, if using or cutting plants is necessary, such as using a bamboo stick to sweep a dwelling place or cutting leaves for medicine, and there is no intention to cause harm, then it is not an offense. This discourse also reminds bhikkhunīs to practice mindfulness (sati) when interacting with nature, ensuring that every action is performed with clear awareness and compassion.