Lzh Mi Bi Vb Pc 114Ordaining Trained Candidate Without Approval
Pāli / Sanskrit:Sikkhita-sikkhamānā-asammata
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SCRIPTURE COMMENTARY: ORDAINING A TRAINED CANDIDATE WITHOUT APPROVAL
Sikkhita-sikkhamānā-asammata
Background
This scripture belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically the Pārājika section, the irreparable offenses, or the Pācittiya section, lighter offenses requiring confession, where Śākyamuni Buddha established rules of practice for the monastic community. The context arose from specific cases in the early period of the Dharma, when bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs had not fully performed the ordination rites (upasampadā) formally or had not sought permission from the monastic community.
The term “sikkhita-sikkhamānā” (a trained female trainee) refers to women who have completed the first step in the process of going forth, namely receiving the novice status (sāmaṇerī) or trainee status (sikkhamānā). The word “asammata” (not approved) emphasizes that the act occurs without formal approval from the collective monastic community.
Main Content
This rule treats the case in which a bhikkhunī intentionally ordains, or admits to training, a female trainee who has passed basic training without asking permission or receiving approval from the whole monastic community. This is a violation of the administrative order of the Sangha.
According to the principles of the Vinaya, any “saminatti” formal act related to ordination must be carried out in the presence of, and with consultation from, the community. A bhikkhunī personally proceeding with the ordination of a female trainee without notice or a request for approval is an infringement on the collective authority of the Sangha. This authority is called “samyatti,” the lawful decisions of the monastic community.
This violation is not the gravest offense (pārājika), but belongs to the pācittiya class, a lighter offense requiring the offender to confess before the monastic community. The ordination of that female trainee may be considered invalid and must be performed again with proper procedure and the approval of the entire community.
Practical Meaning
This rule teaches that the Vinaya is not only a set of personal ethical principles but also a body of rules for managing the community.
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