Xct Mu Bu Vb Np 1The Robe-Making Season
Pāli / Sanskrit:Kathina
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Exposition of Kathina: The Robe-Making Ceremony
Background
Kathina (Khiết-đề-na, the robe-making season) is an important regulation in the Vinaya Piṭaka of Theravāda Buddhism. This regulation was established by the Buddha to nourish the spirit of cooperation and to express the reverence of laypeople toward the Sangha. The Kathina period usually lasts for about one month after the rains retreat; this is the traditional time when laypeople prepare cloth, thread, cotton, and other necessary materials as offerings to the Sangha.
The historical foundation of Kathina is connected with the practical circumstances of bhikkhus. During the rainy season, bhikkhus gathered to practice in one place, and their robes were often damaged by rain. When the rainy season passed, local laypeople wished to express gratitude to the people practicing the path. Therefore, the Buddha taught that providing cloth for making robes is an act of compassion, and also an occasion for the Sangha to demonstrate unity and gratitude.
Main Content
The Kathina ceremony is carried out according to a solemn procedure recorded in detail in the Vinaya Piṭaka. First, a group of lay devotees or Buddhists gathers with the intention of offering cloth and sewing implements to the Sangha. The cloth is prepared and the best is selected. A bhikkhu is appointed as representative to receive the gift on behalf of the whole Sangha.
The core point of Kathina is the process of “making in one session” (Ekakula). This means that from the time the cloth is offered until the robe is completed, all tasks, cutting, stitching, and sewing, must be finished within a fixed period, usually within one day. This rule expresses the spirit of concentration and close cooperation among the bhikkhus.
When the Kathina is recognized as valid (Kathina-samadatta), the bhikkhus receive special privileges in their training during this period. Certain rules concerning robe requisites and the time for almsround are relaxed, and they are permitted to stay wherever appropriate without needing to return to the main monastery (desa-Kathina).
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