Lzh Mu Bu Pm Pc 56Living With an Ejected Monastic
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ukkhittasambhoga
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Explanation of the Ukkhittasambhoga Text (Living with an Expelled Monastic)
Background
Ukkhittasambhoga is a regulation in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda Buddha-Dharma tradition, specifically within the Pātimokkhasaṃvara of monastics. This text deals with a special and sensitive situation in the Sangha community: when a monastic has been expelled from the Sangha (ukkhitta) but still lives together in the monastery with other monastics.
The historical background of this regulation reflects the practical challenges that the Buddha and his disciples faced in building a disciplined community of practice. Expulsion (ukkhepana) is a serious penalty in the Buddhist Sangha, applied when a monastic violates basic rules of conduct or refuses to accept the instruction of the Sangha. However, practical conditions do not always allow complete separation, and so this text guides how to handle such a situation reasonably and with discipline.
Main Content
Ukkhittasambhoga establishes that when a monastic has been expelled, other monastics may not "live in communion" (sambhoga) with that person in the ordinary way. Specifically, the regulation prohibits shared activities such as sharing food, drink, comfort in daily life, and especially participation in collective Dharma observances (uposatha) or other important communal rites.
However, this regulation does not require monastics to be completely separated in physical space. They may still live in the same monastery, but are separated in terms of "communion" (sambhoga). This reflects practicality and ensures that expulsion is a meaningful penalty without being excessively harsh.
The regulation also describes specific situations in detail: if the expelled person needs medical support or in an emergency, other monastics may still act according to conscience, but must observe the basic restrictions concerning ordinary communion.
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