Lzh Mu Bi Vb Sk 73Na pātreṇa vighasa
Pāli / Sanskrit:Na pātreṇa vighasa
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Exposition of the Na Pātreṇa Vighasa Sutra
Background
The Na Pātreṇa Vighasa Sutra is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, the fundamental legal component of Theravāda Buddhism. It is one of the disciplinary regulations related to the daily life of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs. The Vinaya Piṭaka was compiled to maintain purity and harmony in the Sangha community, while also educating monastics in respect, discipline, and awareness of inappropriate actions.
The content of this sutra concerns regulations on handling implements, especially the bowl (pātreṇa) and other objects in the life of practice. These rules were laid down by the Buddha based on specific incidents that occurred in the community of monks and nuns, for the purpose of correcting improper behavior and building habits of respect for common property as well as the property of others.
Main Content
The Na Pātreṇa Vighasa Sutra deals with disciplinary issues related to the improper use of basic implements in monasteries, especially the alms bowl, one of the three essential requisites of monastics in the Theravāda tradition. The bowl is not only a tool for daily life but also has spiritual meaning, symbolizing the spirit of renunciation and humility.
The sutra stipulates that monastics are not permitted to use bowls or other implements carelessly, mindlessly, or disrespectfully. This includes not placing heavy objects on the bowl, not leaving the bowl dirty, not using it to contain unsuitable things, and not giving the bowl to an unworthy person unless necessary. Each of these details is connected with mental intention (cetana), carefulness, and respect for the public property of the Sangha.
This regulation also reflects a broader principle in the Vinaya Piṭaka: monastics must practice with a pure mind, without greed, without discriminating between precious and trivial things, and always regard every object as a tool serving the Dharma, not as personal property to be abused.
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