Xct Mu Bu Pm Sk 73Na pātreṇa vighasa
Pāli / Sanskrit:Na pātreṇa vighasa
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Explanation of the Na pātreṇa vighasa Sutta
Background
The Na pātreṇa vighasa Sutta belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Pāli Canon, the oldest collection of Theravāda Buddhism. The Vinaya Piṭaka is a collection of rules and principles of practice established by the Buddha Śākyamuni for the Sangha in order to maintain discipline, harmony, and progress on the path of liberation.
This sutta is found in the Suttavibhaṅga, in the Bhikkhunī-Vibhaṅga, the section explaining in detail the rules for women renunciants (bhikkhunīs). These rules are presented systematically: first the root rule (Pātimokkha), then the detailed explanation (Vibhaṅga), so that monks and nuns can clearly understand the context, causes, and proper application.
The title “Na pātreṇa vighasa” (Nav pātreṇa vighasa) relates to eating from bowls or to unsuitable food, an issue connected with the ethics of eating and the manner of cultivating the body among women renunciants. This is one of the minor rules intended to educate about moderation, self-control, and respect for ascetic practice.
Main Content
The sutta regulates the manner of eating and the choice of food suitable to the life of a practitioner. The Buddha taught that eating and drinking are not only physiological actions but also part of ethical practice. Bhikkhunīs need to preserve purity in the manner of eating and drinking, avoiding foods or ways of eating that may lead to sensory stimulation, greed, or violation of principles of practice.
This rule includes choosing foods appropriate to health and the needs of the body, but not out of greed or excess. Women renunciants are encouraged to eat with mindfulness (sati), understanding that food is only nourishment to sustain the body in continuing the path of practice. This text may also relate to avoiding foods at inappropriate times or foods considered sensual.
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