Lzh Mi Bu Vb Sk 30Arms Akimbo (2nd)
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyakhambhakata
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Exposition of the Dutiyakhambhakata Sutta (The Second Rule on Holding the Hands Across the Chest)
Background
The Dutiyakhambhakata Sutta is recorded in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Bhikkhunī Vibhaṅga, the training rules for female monastics. This sutta belongs to the Pācittiya category, offenses requiring confession and correction. The title “Holding the Hands Across the Chest” (Dutiyakhambhakata) refers to a specific action related to the gestures and demeanor of bhikkhunīs in daily life.
In the context of the Vinaya Piṭaka, these rules were established by the Buddha Śākyamuni to protect the spirit of training, maintain the discipline of the monastic community, and build an image worthy of respect in the eyes of the people. They are not arbitrary rules, but arose from specific situations in which disciples unnecessarily committed faults.
Main Content
The Dutiyakhambhakata Sutta regulates the action of “placing the hands across” (khambhakata), that is, placing the two hands crossed over the chest or breast. This action is regarded as an expression of arrogance, carelessness, or lack of respect within a religious environment.
According to the rule, when bhikkhunīs walk about in the monastery, speak with others, or participate in communal activities, they should not place their hands in this posture. Though the action is simple, it reflects a state of mind: distraction, lack of dignity, or a showy manner. The Buddha taught that the body is a means by which the mind and the will to practice are expressed.
If a bhikkhunī violates this rule, it is a Pācittiya offense, not a very grave offense, but one that must be confessed before a witness. This confession is not merely a matter of words, but a genuine acknowledgment of remorse for the action and a correction of the mind.
Practical Meaning
The Dutiyakhambhakata Sutta teaches us that in Buddhism no small detail is unworthy of attention. Each step, each gesture, the way one places the hands, and the way one speaks all reflect the degree of our practice. This is not harsh constraint, but an opportunity to train mindfulness and respect.
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