Lzh Mi Bi Vb Pc 96Outside Their Own Country
Pāli / Sanskrit:Tiroraṭṭha
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The Tiroraṭṭha Scripture (Outside One’s Own Country)
Background
The Tiroraṭṭha scripture is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Pācittiya section of the monastic discipline. These are prohibitions that renunciants who violate them must confess. The context arose from events in the Sangha community during the Buddha’s time, when monks traveled to teach in places other than where they lived.
The Vinaya Piṭaka was recorded for the purpose of maintaining discipline and harmony in the Sangha, ensuring that the work of teaching the Dharma was carried out purely and properly. Each prohibition was established because of a specific incident, reflecting the Buddha’s wisdom in guiding his disciples on the difficult path of renunciant life.
Main Content
The Tiroraṭṭha scripture concerns distinct rules for monks acting outside their own country (tiro raṭṭha, “another country”). The specific content of this scripture has not yet been fully translated, but according to the general context of the Pācittiya prohibitions, this scripture concerns the need for renunciants to observe special rules when outside their homeland.
This is closely connected with the principle of the sphere of activity (sīmā, boundary) in the Vinaya. When a monk leaves the familiar place of residence, he needs to adjust his behavior and observe regulations intended to protect both the Sangha community and himself from suspicion or abuse. This rule reflects the Buddha’s concern for honor, public confidence, and the stability of the Sangha.
Renunciants must respect local people, observe local customs within the framework of the Buddha-Dharma, and not abuse the respect given to the Three Jewels. This expresses the spirit of the Noble Eightfold Path, not only in personal practice but also in responsibility toward the community and society.
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