Lzh Mg Bu Pm Pc 34Encouraging Another Monastic to Eat More After Refusing an Invitation
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyapavāraṇā
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Commentary on the Dutiyapavāraṇā
Background
The Dutiyapavāraṇā is a rule of discipline belonging to the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. This text records an actual situation that arose within the monastic community during the time of the Buddha, concerning the act of encouraging another monk to eat more after that monk had refused an invitation to eat.
In the context of Buddhist practice, eating is not a pleasure but a means of sustenance for maintaining one's health and continuing along the path to liberation. The Vinaya Piṭaka records such incidents in order to guide monastics in ethical conduct, and to prevent behaviors that cause harm to one's practice of virtue and composure, or that involve any form of deception. This rule addresses a subtle aspect of psychology and conduct within the monastic community.
The incident recorded here originates from the discourses or from rules established by the Buddha to preserve purity, honesty, and harmony within the Sangha. The purpose of the Vinaya Piṭaka is to help those who have gone forth concentrate on the practice of the Dharma without being obstructed by disputes or disturbances.
Main Content
The Dutiyapavāraṇā rule addresses the act of encouraging (pavāraṇā) a monk to eat more when that monk has already refused an invitation to eat (pavāraṇā). The word pavāraṇā means "to invite again" or "to encourage," and is commonly used in the context of offering a meal to monastics.
The specific situation is as follows: a monk refuses an invitation to eat for personal reasons—perhaps out of a wish to practice asceticism, or for other spiritual reasons. However, another monk, perhaps out of kindness or for other motivations, attempts to encourage that monk to eat more, without respecting the latter's decision.
The Vinaya Piṭaka records this rule in order to make clear that such behavior ought not to be encouraged. Repeatedly inviting someone to eat after that person has clearly refused is regarded as a failure to respect the individual decision and the volition of another.
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