Ka Bu Pm Pc 59Transferring to Another
Pāli / Sanskrit:Vikappana
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VIKAPPANA SUTTA - TRANSFERRING OWNERSHIP
Background
The Vikappana Sutta, or “Transferring Ownership,” is recorded in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Pātimokkha, the discipline. This is one of the rules concerning the actions and attitudes of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs when practicing regulations about offering, transferring merit, and the use of requisites in the monastic community.
In the context of Theravāda Buddhism, observing the Vinaya is not merely a matter of restrictions, but a foundation for nurturing the spiritual life. These rules were established to protect harmony in the community of practice and prevent disputes over material goods and property. The Vikappana Sutta is directly related to this issue: the way of transferring or assigning items among the requisites of monastic practice.
The arising of this regulation is connected with practical situations witnessed by the Buddha, when bhikkhus differed in their views about owning, using, or transferring monastic requisites. To build a pure spiritual environment not shaken by self-interest, the Buddha gave clear instructions.
Main Content
Vikappana, from vikappati, meaning to change, transfer, or choose again, refers to the right and method of changing or transferring monastic requisites owned by bhikkhus. According to the Vinaya Piṭaka, a bhikkhu is permitted to possess basic requisites: robes, bowl, belt, needle case, and other necessities. However, transferring these items to another bhikkhu or deciding not to use them any longer must follow certain principles.
This rule prescribes that if a bhikkhu wishes to change or transfer his requisites, he must do so through a formal act (kammavācā). Transfer cannot take place arbitrarily, but requires the witnessing of other bhikkhus or compliance with a definite communal procedure. This ensures that the transfer is conducted transparently and openly, and does not cause later disputes over property.
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