Lzh Dg Bi Vb Sk 2Evenly All Around (2nd)
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyaparimaṇḍala
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Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Sutta (Second Circle)
Background
Dutiyaparimaṇḍala is an important part of the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. This sutta belongs to the Vibhaṅga division (Detailed Analysis), which discusses training rules for the monastic community. The title “Second Circle” (Dutiyaparimaṇḍala) indicates one of the particular structures of management or classification among the prohibitions of Sangha discipline.
In the Buddha’s lifetime, monks and nuns gathered around the Blessed One to study and practice. As the Sangha developed, clear guidance concerning action, speech, and thought was needed to maintain purity and harmony within the practicing community. Therefore, the Buddha laid down suitable rules for each circumstance, and these rules were compiled into the Vinaya Piṭaka.
Main Content
The Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Sutta concerns matters of administration and discipline in the Sangha, especially inappropriate actions or behaviors classified according to different degrees of seriousness. “Parimaṇḍala” (circle) symbolizes this classificatory structure, like concentric circles, from the center (the most serious offenses) to the outer edge (lighter offenses).
The specific content of this sutta has not yet been fully translated, but according to the general context of the Vibhaṅga, it addresses matters such as discipline for monks or nuns, specific faults and their consequences, and methods of correction and reconciliation when disputes arise in the Sangha. Each prohibition (Pāṭimokkha) is explained in detail, including its cause, specific situation, and exceptions.
The sutta emphasizes the principle of fairness, “evenly all around,” meaning that these rules apply equally to all members of the Sangha, with no exceptions based on status or favoritism. This fairness is the foundation of Sangha order, helping maintain mutual respect and the shared spirit of practice.
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