Xct Mu Bu Pm Sk 8Evenly All Around (2nd)
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyaparimaṇḍala
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THE DUTIYAPARIMAṆḌALA SUTTA
The Complete Circle (Second Time)
Background
The Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Sutta is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Sutta Vibhaṅga section of the Pātimokkha (the Code of Liberation). These are the rules taught by the Buddha to monks and nuns for the purpose of maintaining purity, harmony, and discipline within the monastic community. This sutta belongs to the Theravāda tradition, in which the Vinaya Piṭaka is regarded as the foundation for protecting and developing the Dharma.
The fact that this sutta is named "The Complete Circle, Second Time" (Dutiya-parimaṇḍala) reflects the pattern of repetition found throughout the Vinaya Piṭaka, where each rule is typically taught from multiple perspectives in order to ensure thorough understanding. The occasion for this sutta arose when the Buddha recognized the need to establish clear ethical boundaries among monks and nuns, and thus developed a comprehensive system of rules.
Main Content
The Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Sutta teaches on a matter related to communal discipline (saṅgha-kamma) and the way in which monks and nuns maintain unity in their practice. The term "parimaṇḍala" (complete circle) refers to the wholeness and comprehensiveness with which the monastic community is governed.
This sutta addresses situations in which the monastic community is required to follow specific regulations when carrying out ceremonial observances, particularly during communal assemblies (uposatha) or when making important decisions. It emphasizes that harmony (samaggi) is the essential factor for ensuring the long-lasting transmission of the Dharma. Each rule is presented not only with direct instruction but also with detailed explanations of its causes, categories of transgression, and the corresponding degrees of discipline.
The manner of presentation as "the second time" indicates that the Vinaya Piṭaka employs a method of step-by-step repetition so that the reader may arrive at an ever deeper understanding.
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