Xct Mu Bu Vb Sk 8Evenly All Around (2nd)
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyaparimaṇḍala
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Exposition of the Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Scripture
The Complete Circle for the Second Time
Context
The Dutiyaparimaṇḍala scripture belongs to the Mahāvagga section of the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition. These are detailed regulations on how the Sangha, the community of those gone forth, is to be organized in collective activities and rites. The word "parimaṇḍala" means circle, symbolizing harmony, equality, and completeness in the body of the Sangha.
In the historical context, the Blessed Buddha emphasized that every bhikkhu must be respected equally in communal affairs, even if their seniority (standing in the precepts) differs. This scripture is one example of how the Buddha-Dharma harmonizes the principle of "rank" with "spiritual equality." The second instance (Dutiya) here records another version or a specific situation related to the principle of lining up and arranging the space of the Sangha.
Main Content
This scripture regulates how members of the Sangha should line up or arrange their positions when carrying out common duties. The principle of being "complete all around" emphasizes that no one is permitted to stand outside the circle or apart from it, but all must form a complete circular shape, symbolizing unity and the absence of discrimination in status during moments of communal practice.
Specifically, when the Sangha gathers to conduct ceremonies such as Pavaraṇa, Uposatha, or Sangha decisions, everyone must be arranged so that a perfect circle is formed. This ensures that no one sits in a physically "higher" or "lower" position, thereby reflecting the spirit of equality in spiritual worth.
The scripture also specifies conditions concerning distance, seating position, and arrangement so that all members can hear, see, and participate equally in Sangha decisions. This is the foundation for the principle of "Saṅgha-mati," the collective resolution or intention of the whole Sangha body.
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