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Pāli / Sanskrit:Capucapukāraka
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DISCOURSE ON MAKING SALIVA SOUND WHILE CHEWING (CAPUCAPUKĀRAKA)
Context
The Capucapukāraka discourse is found in the Vinaya Pitaka, the collection that disciplines monks and nuns in the Theravāda tradition of the Buddha Dharma. These are practical regulations concerning eating, bodily hygiene, and the discipline of the contemplative life of the Buddha’s disciples. The Vinaya Pitaka was established to protect the gateway of the Dharma, preserve harmony within the monastic community (Sangha), and educate those who train in the Buddha Dharma in how to discipline body and mind.
This discourse is especially recorded in sections concerning small daily actions, matters that may seem ordinary yet in fact contain profound practice. The original Pāli name “Capucapukāraka” refers to sounds made when chewing food, a detail of eating habits regarded as a basis for developing mindfulness (sati) in every moment.
Main Content
The specific content of this discourse has not been fully translated in common versions, but according to the general context of the Vinaya, the Capucapukāraka discourse is directed toward regulating the daily actions of monks and nuns. In the Theravāda tradition, every action, even one as small as chewing, drinking water, or cleaning oneself after a meal, is regarded as an opportunity to preserve mindfulness and a pure mind.
The Vinaya Pitaka establishes detailed rules not out of fear or harshness, but because these rules help monastics train the mind. When one is aware of each movement in eating, chewing each mouthful of food, especially foods that make a sound, such as rice, sausage, or hard grains, the mind is collected in the present (khanikapaccuppanna), not wandering into the past or future. This is precisely the first step of meditation.
Moreover, this discourse also relates to dignity in eating. Monks and nuns, when eating, should proceed calmly, respecting the food (dhatuka) and respecting those who provide the food. One should not eat until overly full, should not eat in an overly mixed manner, and should not make unpleasant sounds that cause others to be distracted. This is part of basic sīla (morality).
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