San Lo Bu Pm Pc 46Living With an Ejected Monastic
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ukkhittasambhoga
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Discourse on Living With One Who Has Been Expelled (Ukkhittasambhoga)
Background
The Ukkhittasambhoga discourse belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition and is recorded in the code of practice for monks and nuns. The Vinaya is a collection of teachings on discipline, reflecting actual situations that arose in the Sangha during the Buddha’s time. This discourse concerns a special case of a monk being expelled from the monastic community because of violating rules, and whether others may live together with that person.
In the Buddha’s time, the Sangha was built upon the foundation of discipline and ethics. When a monk violated serious regulations, he could be “expelled” (ukkhitta), that is, lose standing as a member of the community. The Ukkhittasambhoga discourse addresses rules concerning living together with one who has been expelled, in order to protect the integrity of the Sangha.
Main Content
According to the Theravāda Vinaya, when a monk has been expelled, his standing is no longer recognized in the Sangha. This means that other monks need to follow specific regulations when coming into contact with him. The Ukkhittasambhoga discourse states that monks must not live together (sambhoga) with an expelled person, because this includes eating, sleeping, or sharing the same living space with that person.
This principle is based on the view that sharing in daily life creates a strong form of spiritual association. If monks continue to live closely with one who has been excluded, this could weaken communal discipline and send the message that expulsion is not a serious penalty. Therefore this regulation aims to protect the bond and unity of the Sangha, while also giving the expelled person motivation to reflect again on his actions.
Monks who observe this regulation are considered to be observing the Patimokkha, the basic rules, and this action is regarded as a form of Adhikaraṇasamatha, the settlement of disputes or restoration of discipline.
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