San Lo Bi Vb Pc 34Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround
Pāli / Sanskrit:Uyyojana
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The Uyyojana Rule: Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround
Background
The Uyyojana rule (Sending a Monastic Back from Almsround) is found in the Sutta Vibhaṅga of the Pāli Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Pātimokkha Saṃvara section on training rules for monks and nuns. It is a detailed Vinaya rule, reflecting practical situations in the communal life of the Bhikkhunī Sangha during the Buddha’s time.
The background arises when a nun returns from almsround, but someone sends her back again for some reason. This Vinaya rule prescribes the conditions, legitimate reasons, and proper manner by which a nun may be sent back (uyyojana) from almsround without violating the training rules. This is a subtle aspect of the Vinaya, reflecting careful consideration between communal discipline and practical compassion.
Main Content
According to Pātimokkha Saṃvara, when a nun has completed almsround (piṇḍapāta) and returned to the monastery, if there are legitimate reasons such as illness, severe weather, or another communal duty that needs to be addressed, another nun, usually a senior or presiding nun, may send her back on almsround. However, this must follow specific principles.
First, the one sending her must have a legitimate and wise reason. It should not be arbitrary, but based on objective causes, such as that nun needing care, or that an important matter of practice has not been completed. Second, the sending back must be done in a proper manner, with polite and respectful speech. If the sending back is done rudely, disrespectfully, or with an unwholesome motive, it may become a violation of the rule.
The Vinaya Piṭaka also clearly states that this sending back is not something that must be obeyed immediately. The nun who is sent back has the right to examine whether the reason is legitimate. If the reason is well-intentioned and in accordance with the Dharma, the nun will comply with a joyful mind. If not, she may wisely decline without violating the rule.
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