Upp Pc 82Entering a Village at the Wrong Time
Pāli / Sanskrit:Vikālagāmappavisana
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Vikālagāmappavisana Discourse: Entering a Village at the Wrong Time
Background
In the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, the rule Upp Pc 82 on "Entering a village at the wrong time" (Vikālagāmappavisana) is one of the detailed regulations intended to protect the ethics of bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs. This rule appears in the Upacāra Pācittiya section, offenses of a lesser kind requiring confession (pācittiya).
The background for the formulation of this rule reflects practical situations in early monastic life. Lay Buddhists were often concerned when they saw bhikkhus entering a village at an unsuitable time, especially late in the evening or very early in the morning, times when questions or unwanted talk could easily arise. The Buddha established this rule to preserve the honor of the Sangha, maintain the community's trust, and protect the ethical foundation of practitioners.
Main Content
Rule Upp Pc 82 forbids bhikkhus from entering a village at unsuitable times, usually understood as at night, from sunset to dawn, or at other irregular times without a valid reason. If a bhikkhu enters a village at the wrong time without permission or an urgent reason, such as illness or a necessity of the Sangha, that act is considered a violation of Upacāra Pācittiya.
The purpose of the rule is not to restrict freedom rigidly, but to maintain a proper image and avoid situations that may give rise to suspicion or unwholesome speech. This is especially important for bhikkhunīs, who must observe stricter rules regarding the management of their time and activities.
Violation of this rule is not a major offense, but it requires bhikkhus to confess sincerely before the Sangha or before another bhikkhu, showing understanding of the importance of discipline and respect.
Practical Meaning
This rule teaches us about the role of discipline (sīla) on the path of practice.
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