Lzh Sarv Bi Vb Pc 157Inviting
Pāli / Sanskrit:Pavārita
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THE SCRIPTURE ON INVITING (PAVĀRITA)
Background
Pavārita (Pāli: pavārita, meaning “opened” or “invited”) is a rule belonging to the Pācittiya class, violations requiring confession. This scripture is recorded in the Vinaya Piṭaka, the sacred collection that regulates appropriate and inappropriate conduct for renunciants following the Buddha’s teaching.
In particular, this regulation concerns the act of “inviting” or “ordering,” when a bhikkhu or bhikkhunī asks or invites others to perform personal tasks for them. This arose from a specific situation in the early Sangha, where some renunciants abused authority or privilege by relying on others to serve their private needs, thereby causing inconvenience to those people.
The Buddha, with compassion and deep insight into the consequences of action, established this rule in order to instruct the Sangha, encouraging self-reliance, moderation, and respect for the labor of others.
Main Content
The Pavārita regulation forbids renunciants from inviting, requesting, or ordering friends, whether members of the Sangha or laypeople, to perform personal or unnecessary tasks. This includes such things as asking someone to bring water, prepare a private meal, wash clothing, or perform any personal service that the renunciant is able to do independently.
However, this rule has reasonable exceptions. When a renunciant is seriously ill or in especially difficult circumstances, help from others may be accepted. In addition, if no one has been asked but another person voluntarily offers help, not because of a request, this does not violate the rule.
A violation of Pavārita is considered a Pācittiya, meaning that the renunciant must confess the offense before another bhikkhu, with sincere remorse. This rule is not meant to punish, but to educate the mind, helping the practitioner recognize self-reliance and respect.
Practical Meaning
Pavārita carries a deep meaning that goes beyond external rules of conduct.
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