Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Sk 16Evenly All Around (2nd)
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyaparimaṇḍala
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The Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Sutra: The Second Rule on Circular Arrangement
Background
The Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Sutra (Evenly All Around - the Second Time) is part of the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. The Vinaya Piṭaka contains detailed regulations concerning discipline and communal living within the Sangha. This sutra concerns the arrangement of space and order in the communal activities of monastics, especially in monastic meetings or collective ceremonies.
The background for the formulation of these rules arose from the need to maintain order, fairness, and mutual respect within the Sangha community. As the Sangha grew, issues concerning seating arrangements, distribution of the Dharma, and participation in shared activities made clear principles necessary. This is the function of regulations concerning “parimaṇḍala,” a circle or an arrangement according to a particular form.
Main Content
The Dutiyaparimaṇḍala Sutra concerns the arrangement of members of the Sangha according to a certain geometric pattern, specifically a circle or expanded circle. The word “dutiya” means “second,” suggesting that this is a variation or second instance of the rule on circular arrangement previously stated.
The purpose of this rule is to ensure that all monastics, regardless of seniority or position, have an equal opportunity to participate in Sangha activities from different places. This “circular” arrangement is not based on power or status, but on the principle of natural fairness. By rotating or changing positions systematically, each member can stand at the “center” or the “outside” fairly across different meetings.
This rule also reflects one of the core values of the Sangha: equality among all who practice according to the Buddhadharma. No matter who is the founder or who has high seniority, in the context of spatial arrangement and formal rules, the principle of fairness is still maintained.
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