Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Dh Pc 97Within Their Own Country
Pāli / Sanskrit:Antoraṭṭha
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The Antoraṭṭha Sutta (Antoratthakaṇḍa) — Exposition
Background
The Antoraṭṭha Sutta belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically the Pātimokkha of the ancient Pāli tradition. It is one of the causal rules taught by the Buddha to govern the monastic community, in order to maintain discipline and harmony in the monastery. The Pāli title “Antoraṭṭha” means “within one’s own territory” or “within one’s own country,” referring to situations occurring within the territory of a particular country or region.
This sutta was recorded in the earliest historical context of the Sangha, when the Blessed Buddha was still alive, or shortly after his nirvana. At that time, the Buddha and his disciples faced disputes and conflicts within the monastic community. The Antoraṭṭha Sutta is a typical example of how the Buddha handled disciplinary matters according to principles of fairness and compassion.
Main Content
This sutta usually recounts events involving bhikkhus or bhikkhunīs who violated the rule within their own country. Most cases revolve around violations, disputes, or actions contrary to the sacred law (Dharma).
Usually, when an incident occurs “within the territory” (antoraṭṭhe), the elder monks must examine, investigate, and make a decision according to the rules established by the Buddha. This sutta emphasizes that violations, wherever they occur within the country, must be handled consistently, without partiality or injustice.
The specific cases in this sutta often relate to Pātimokkha rules, such as Pārājika, Saṅghādisesa, or Pācittiya, and to the way discipline is handled openly and transparently before the collective Sangha. This ensures that no one, whoever they may be, can evade responsibility.
Practical Meaning
The deeper meaning of the Antoraṭṭha Sutta is to affirm the principle of equality before the law and the communal spirit in the monastery.
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