Lzh Mu Bu Vb Ss 13Difficult to Correct
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dubbaca
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Exposition of the Dubbaca Scripture (The Scripture on Being Difficult to Correct)
Context
The Dubbaca scripture is recorded in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, specifically in the Bhikkhunī Vibhaṅga (the Vinaya section for nuns). These are regulations related to the conduct and discipline of the community of monks and nuns, especially female monastics who have gone forth according to the Buddha Dharma. The title “Dubbaca” means “difficult to correct,” “difficult to admonish,” or “hard to bring back into order,” referring to disciplinary situations caused by nuns that are not easily restored to proper order.
In the context of the Pāli Vinaya Piṭaka, the Vibhaṅga texts prescribe in detail the conduct that violates each pātimokkha rule and the corresponding disciplinary measures. The Dubbaca scripture is placed among the list of offenses and appropriate measures for remedying faults, reflecting the deep concern of early Buddha Dharma for maintaining purity and well-being in the Sangha.
Main Content
The specific content of this scripture has not yet been fully translated in the present collection. However, according to the context of the Bhikkhunī Vibhaṅga, the Dubbaca section usually concerns nuns whose conduct is difficult to correct, that is, those who refuse admonition when their faults are pointed out, or who continue violating Vinaya rules after they have been warned.
In the Theravāda tradition, when a nun commits an offense, the Sangha applies graded disciplinary measures. At first there is friendly admonition (anusāsana), then formal correction (adhikaraṇa). If the nun still refuses to correct herself, she is regarded as “dubbaca” — difficult to correct. At this point, the Sangha may apply “parivāsa” (restriction from participation in communal activities) or other serious measures to help her recognize her fault.
The important point is that the Vinaya Piṭaka does not treat this as unconditional punishment, but as educational measures intended to help the offender return to the path of practice and maintain purity in the Sangha.
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