Lzh Mu Bi Pm Np 10Excessive Prompting for Robe Funds
Pāli / Sanskrit:Rāja
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Sutra on Excessive Entreaty for Robe-Cloth
Context
This sutra belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Pāli Canon, especially in the section on Nisaggiya Pācittiya, matters requiring forfeiture and confession. These are rules concerning actions for which bhikkhus, when they transgress, must relinquish the item and respectfully confess before the community of the Sangha.
The historical context of the sutra concerns events that occurred at Sāvatthī or elsewhere in the life of the Buddha. At that time, some bhikkhus had greed connected with possessions, especially cloth for making the outer robe (uttarāsaṅga), an important part of monastic attire. Instead of quietly accepting what was naturally offered, they repeatedly entreated, pressured, or hinted excessively so that relatives, laypeople, or related persons would provide robe-cloth for them. This violated the spirit that a bhikkhu should live by the faithful generosity of others, without greed.
The Buddha discovered this conduct and assembled the Sangha to establish a Vinaya rule, in order to educate the bhikkhus in humility, renunciation, and sincerity in the ascetic life.
Main Content
The principal rule set forth by this sutra is as follows: if a bhikkhu repeatedly entreats, presses, or hints excessively to anyone, whether related persons or relatives, in order to obtain robe-cloth, that bhikkhu commits a Nisaggiya Pācittiya offense. This requires the bhikkhu to forfeit the improper item, if it has been received, and to perform confession before the Sangha.
The spirit of this rule emphasizes the difference between “an opportunity to make a reasonable request” and “excessive entreaty with a greedy intention.” A bhikkhu is permitted to state his legitimate need once when there is an appropriate occasion, but should not repeat it, hint indirectly, or pursue that aim. If the other person has not provided it after being informed once, the bhikkhu should quietly accept this as the intention of the Buddha-Dharma.
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