Lzh Mi Bi Vb Pc 95Within Their Own Country
Pāli / Sanskrit:Antoraṭṭha
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THE ANTORAṬṬHA SCRIPTURE
A Practice Document on the Distinct Discipline (Pāṭimokkha)
Background
The Antoraṭṭha scripture (Antoraṭṭha Pācittiya, Pācittiya offense number 95) lies within the Pācittiya collection, an important part of the Vinaya Piṭaka in the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. The Pāli title “Antoraṭṭha” means “within one’s own country” or “within their own land,” referring to regulations concerning the actions of monks and nuns within their local sphere.
The Vinaya Piṭaka was compiled after Śākyamuni Buddha entered nirvana, for the purpose of maintaining discipline and order in the Sangha. The rules in the Pācittiya, offenses requiring confession, serve to protect harmony, purity, and transparency in the monastic community. The Antoraṭṭha scripture accordingly concerns violations or specific cases occurring within the scope of practice of monks and nuns.
Main Content
Although the specific content of this scripture has not been fully translated in the material provided, based on the general context of the Pācittiya collection, the rule “Antoraṭṭha” is usually related to situations in which monastics act or make decisions within the territory of their own monastery or the area where they live.
In the Theravāda tradition, Pācittiya offenses are understood as faults that must be confessed (pācittiya = worthy of being purified). These regulations aim to educate monastics in self-awareness and responsibility in action. In particular, rules relating to activity “within one’s own country” emphasize that monastics must observe discipline not only when witnessed, but even when they are in a familiar environment, where laxity and subjectivity may arise.
This rule reflects Buddhism’s profound understanding of human psychology: we easily observe rules when being watched, but in private or familiar spaces we tend to slacken.
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