Lzh Mi Bi Pm Pc 175Within Their Own Country
Pāli / Sanskrit:Antoraṭṭha
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ANTORAṬṬHA DISCOURSE (WITHIN ONE'S OWN TERRITORY)
Background
The Antoraṭṭha Discourse is recorded in the Pātimokkha, the basic code of the early Buddhist Sangha. This code is the foundation of the Vinaya Piṭaka, declared by the Buddha in order to maintain a pure and harmonious community of practice. The Pātimokkha consists of training rules (sikkhāpada) classified according to the severity of offenses, from the gravest faults to minor violations.
This clause, number 175, concerns the conduct of bhikkhus within their own territory or the territory of the monastic community. It arose from specific situations in which bhikkhus acted in ways that caused division, conflict, or failure to observe the common discipline. The historical context of this rule is often connected with disputes over authority, status, or arbitrary acts of disobedience.
Main Content
The Antoraṭṭha Discourse refers to the principle that bhikkhus are not permitted to act independently or arbitrarily exceed the authority of the community (saṅgha) within their monastery or area. In particular, bhikkhus are not permitted to decide matters concerning discipline, review, or punishment of other members without collective consent.
This rule emphasizes the principle of collective democracy in the Sangha. When a matter arises within the monastery or territory, it must be reported to the whole community, discussed, and decided according to proper procedure. A single bhikkhu has no right to decide important matters alone, including the punishment or expulsion of a member.
The specific content of this discourse has not yet been fully translated in the existing material, but based on the Vinaya context, it concerns actions of "causing disturbance in one's own territory," that is, bhikkhus attempting to exercise authority or make separate decisions without ratification by the Sangha. This is considered a Pāṭidesaniya offense, an action that must be confessed or corrected.
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