Lzh Mi Bi Pm Pc 105Ordaining Trained Married Girls Without Approval
Pāli / Sanskrit:Paripuṇṇadvādasavassa-sikkhita-gihigata-asammata
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Explanation of the Sutta: On Ordaining Married Women Without Approval
Background
This sutta belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, specifically in the Bhikkhunī Pātimokkha. It records a rule concerning the ordination of bhikkhunīs, especially married women who have undergone at least twelve years of training (Paripuṇṇadvādasavassa-sikkhita).
In the history of the women’s Sangha, ordination was regarded as extremely important, because it directly concerned the purity of the fourfold assembly of disciples and the long-term survival of the Dharma. This sutta arose from a specific incident during the Buddha’s lifetime, when women wished to go forth but did not receive approval from family members or those with authority to decide (asammata).
Main Content
The sutta states that it is not permitted to ordain as bhikkhunīs married women who have been trained for twelve years or more, if there is no approval (asammata) from the husband or the relatives who have authority over her. This is a protective provision, not an absolute restriction.
The reason behind this rule begins from the spiritual principle of preserving family relationships. Theravāda Buddhism, while recognizing women’s right to go forth and practice, also respects ethical responsibilities within the family. A married woman has certain obligations toward her husband and family line. Sudden going forth, without notice or approval, could cause dispute, suffering for the family, and suffering for the woman herself.
This rule also protects the integrity of the bhikkhunī Sangha. If women with complicated circumstances, whose family matters have not yet been resolved, were hastily allowed into the Sangha body, this could lead to legal incidents or undeserved criticism of the Sangha.
Practical Meaning
In the context of modern Theravāda practice, this sutta is not an absolute prohibition, but a reminder about balance.
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