Lzh Sarv Bi Pm Dh Pc 109Ordaining Trained Married Girls Without Approval
Pāli / Sanskrit:Paripuṇṇadvādasavassa-sikkhita-gihigata-asammata
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Explanation of the Discourse: Ordination for Married Girls Without Approval
Background
This rule is recorded in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Early Buddhist tradition, specifically in the Bhikkhunī Pātimokkha, the vows of nuns. In the early period of Buddhism, as the monastic community developed, the Buddha established detailed rules (Sampadā) to ensure the authenticity of ordination. These rules were not merely prohibitive precepts, but legal conditions protecting both the community and the nuns.
The rule against giving ordination to married girls without the approval of their family or husband appeared in the social context of ancient India, where there were legal tensions among family rights, the rights of the husband, and the basic freedom of women. This rule is a prohibition (Pācitta, a minor offense) established to avoid legal disputes that could harm the community.
Main Content
According to this rule, a nun may not conduct the formal ordination ceremony (Upasampadā) for a girl if that person has a husband or is married, without clear approval from her husband or family. Specifically, the criteria stated are that the girl must be “trained (sikkhita, having practiced under provisional rules) for twelve years or longer, married (gihigata), and not yet approved by her husband or family (asammata).”
If a nun deliberately ordains such a person without approval, that nun commits a Pācitta offense. This means the nun must confess this fault during the Pātimokkha, the regular recitation of the rule, before the whole Sangha and repent.
This rule expresses an important principle in Early Buddhism: ordination must be performed with legal clarity and with respect for existing social relationships.
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