Lzh Mg Bu Pm Pc 9Criticizing Robe Distribution
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dubbala
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The Scripture on Criticizing the Distribution of Robes (Dubbala)
Background
This scripture is found within the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Bhikkhu Pātimokkha—the collection of fundamental rules of discipline for male monastics. The term "Dubbala" (weak, uncertain) does not refer to a person, but rather to situations of transgression regarded as "unclear" or "disputed" within the monastic community. This scripture was taught in the context of the Buddha's time—when monastics gave rise to disputes or complaints relating to the distribution of robes (Pāli: cīvara), one of the three basic requisites of a monastic.
The history of the Vinaya shows that rules concerning the distribution of monastic robes are by no means trivial matters. Robes are not merely material objects; they also symbolize purity, humility, and dependence upon the community. When criticism or dissatisfaction arises in the course of distribution, this can disturb the harmony (samaggī) of the Saṅgha—the spiritual foundation of a practicing community.
Main Content
In this scripture, the Buddha addresses those cases in which monastics express discontent or criticism regarding the manner in which robes are distributed within the community. Such forms of criticism may include: openly criticizing those who manage the robes (Pāli: ticīvarabhājanaka) as being unfair, complaining that the distribution does not accord with one's own spiritual development, or displaying dissatisfaction toward the decisions of the Saṅgha.
The scripture warns that this act of criticism—especially when it is not carried out in accordance with the Dharma—can lead to serious consequences. It may be regarded as a form of sammuti-dubbala, that is, actions that are "weak" in terms of the Saṅgha's consent or recognition. In other words, such criticism lacks a clear basis in the Dhamma or Vinaya, and arises instead from personal desires or psychological discrimination.
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