Lzh Dg Bu Pm Pc 36Encouraging Another Monastic to Eat More After Refusing an Invitation
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyapavāraṇā
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An Explanation of the Dutiyapavāraṇā Sutta
Encouraging a Bhikkhu to Eat More After Refusing an Invitation
Background
The Dutiyapavāraṇā Sutta is found in the Vinaya Piṭaka, specifically in the Pātimokkha section, the primary rules of the Sangha. This is one of the rules related to modest living and delicacy in relationships among bhikkhus and bhikkhunīs in the Buddhist Sangha.
The background of the discourse is related to situations that occur in the daily life of the Sangha, when renunciants eat charitable food together. In the Early Buddhist tradition, eating and drinking are not only physiological needs, but also opportunities to practice moderation, gratitude, and mutual respect. This rule was established to prevent actions, whether careless or unintentional, that may harm the aspiration for the path of others.
Main Content
The Dutiyapavāraṇā Sutta (from dvitīya = second, pavāraṇā = refusal or invitation) refers to the situation in which a bhikkhu first refuses an invitation to eat more during a communal meal. Afterward, another bhikkhu encourages him to eat more, perhaps out of concern for his health or because there is food left over.
The subtle point of this rule lies in distinguishing loving-kindness (mettā) from unnecessary interference. When a bhikkhu refuses food, that decision may arise from many reasons: a humble spirit of practice, health concerns, or simply feeling sufficiently full. Encouraging him to eat more, although well-intentioned, may be regarded as interference in a personal decision or as a lack of respect for another’s will.
However, the discourse also does not completely prohibit this if it is done with a proper mental formation. Encouragement must come from genuine affection, not from social pressure or a desire to adjust another person’s behavior.
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