Lzh Dg Bi Pm Pc 80Talking In the Open

Explanation of the Ajjhokāsasallapana Sutta (Talking in an Open Space)

Background

The Ajjhokāsasallapana Sutta is a rule in the Pātimokkha, belonging to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda Buddhist tradition. It is recorded in the Bhikkhunī Pātimokkha, the code for bhikkhunīs, specifically in the Pācittiya section, offenses requiring confession. This rule concerns regulations about speech conduct, especially bhikkhunīs speaking with male persons outside permitted times.

In the context of the early community of monks and nuns, rules concerning communication were developed to protect spiritual independence, avoid circumstances that could lead to sensual desire, and maintain the purity of the holy life. This was not because of discrimination, but to protect those who had gone forth from distracting situations.

Main Content

The sutta says: any bhikkhunī who speaks with a man outside an open period (ajjhokāsasallapana), outside the times allowed, such as when there is work of the community of monks and nuns to discuss, or matters of social regulation, commits a Pācittiya offense. “Outside an open period” (ajjhokāsa) refers to times other than midday, after everyone has eaten. “Speaking” (sallapana) does not mean only cheerful exchanges, but any verbal contact whose purpose is unclear.

This rule requires bhikkhunīs to be careful in communication with men. If speaking is necessary, it should be done during daylight hours, the open period from early morning until afternoon. If she violates it, the bhikkhunī must acknowledge the fault herself and undertake the communal act of confession (pāṭidesanā) before the community of monks and nuns. This offense is not as grave as Saṅghādisesa, offenses that must be resolved by a formal act of the Sangha, but it must be remedied at once in order to keep the discipline pure.

Practical Meaning

The offense of Ajjhokāsasallapana should not be understood as oppression or distrust.