Lzh Dg Bi Pm Pc 158Sunshades and Sandals
Pāli / Sanskrit:Chattupāhana
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Chattupāhana Sutta: On Umbrellas and Sandals
Background
The Chattupāhana Sutta is one of the rules (Pātimokkha) belonging to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, found in the Bhikkhu Pātimokkha. This code was taught by Buddha Śākyamuni to govern and instruct the Sangha, especially bhikkhus, male renunciants.
The Buddha frequently met with the Sangha to resolve problems arising in daily life. When an issue concerning personal property or the daily requisites of bhikkhus was raised, the Buddha issued an appropriate regulation. The Chattupāhana Sutta is one such rule, concerning the use of personal items.
The term "Chattupāhana" (sunshade and sandals) refers to useful objects that nevertheless need to be managed carefully in order to avoid violations concerning ownership or misuse of material goods.
Main Content
This rule concerns the management of a bhikkhu's umbrella or sunshade (chatta) and sandals (pāhana). Although these objects are minimal requisites for one gone forth, they can also become causes for the arising of unwholesome traits if not properly managed.
According to the general principle of the Vinaya Piṭaka, the personal items a bhikkhu is permitted to own must be within a minimal and necessary list. Chatta and pāhana are among these items, but their use must observe certain conditions. For example, a bhikkhu is not permitted to leave these objects in a public place without someone caring for them, or to use them ostentatiously.
The sutta specifically refers to concrete situations that bhikkhus may encounter when using these objects, and the Buddha issued clear guidance to avoid mistakes. This reflects the practical character of the Vinaya Piṭaka: these are not abstract rules, but specific guidelines addressing real problems.
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