Lzh Dg Bi Pm Pc 110Letting the Time Expire
Pāli / Sanskrit:Kālaatikkamana
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An Explanation of the Kālaatikkamana Rule (Letting the Time Expire)
Background
The Kālaatikkamana rule belongs to the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition of the Buddha Dharma. The Vinaya Piṭaka is a collection of regulations concerning discipline and ethical conduct for the fourfold community, monks, nuns, and lay practitioners. This rule focuses on violations connected with missing prescribed deadlines, an important issue in the practice of the Sangha.
In the history of the Buddha Dharma, the Buddha established specific rules concerning time in order to protect harmony in the Sangha community and maintain order in practice. These regulations are not unreasonable restrictions, but wise means intended to help disciples practice and realize the fruit. Kālaatikkamana, from “kāla” (time) and “atikkamana” (exceeding, letting pass), refers to the act of allowing a prescribed time limit to pass without completing an assigned duty or obligation.
Main Content
The Kālaatikkamana rule handles specific cases in which members of the Sangha allow a prescribed time limit to pass without obeying the commands of the Buddha or the Sangha. This may concern delay in confessing a violation, completing penance actions (ubhatobbayha kiccam), or performing required formal ceremonies.
According to the Vinaya Piṭaka, if a monastic or nun is assigned a task or required to complete something within a certain period of time, and allows that time to pass without doing it, this act is considered a form of disobedience. This is not mere negligence, but arises from intention or lack of respect for the regulations of the Sangha. The Vinaya states that such actions must be examined and handled according to their degree of seriousness.
The rule emphasizes that letting the time limit pass is a conscious act, and therefore, depending on the specific situation, it may lead to different forms of correction, from public confession to more severe disciplinary measures, depending on the nature of the violation.
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