Lzh Dg Bi Pm Np 10Trading With Money
Pāli / Sanskrit:Rūpiyasaṁvohāra
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Scripture on Monetary Transactions (Rūpiyasaṁvohāra)
Background
The Rūpiyasaṁvohāra scripture appears in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda tradition, specifically in the Pātimokkha--the basic rules for the community of bhikkhus. The context for the formation of this scripture is connected with the time when the Buddha Gotama was still alive, when the early bhikkhus did not yet have clear regulations concerning the handling of money and commercial transactions.
According to the record, some bhikkhus began to take part in buying and selling, calculating profit, and accumulating property. This ran counter to the spirit of renunciation--the abandonment of desires for forms, sounds, smells, tastes, and tactile objects. Recognizing this deviation, the Buddha taught and established a rule, which was later recorded and became one of the prohibitions (Nissaggiya Pācittiya)--an offense requiring the forfeiture of the offending item and confession.
Main Content
The Rūpiyasaṁvohāra scripture stipulates that bhikkhus must not participate in transactions involving money (rūpiya) or equivalent valuables. Specifically, buying and selling, calculating returns, or recording payments are all prohibited. Even receiving money from others, though with charitable intent, is regarded as an offense if the bhikkhu directly participates in managing or using it.
This rule does not mean that bhikkhus may not possess necessary requisites for life--inner garments, bowls, and so forth. But these requisites must be provided through the Sangha's system of allocation, not through individual buying, selling, or trading. Money, by its nature as an instrument of accumulation and comparison of value, directly arouses greed (lobha)--one of the three unwholesome roots of the mind (akusala mūla).
Practical Meaning
Rūpiyasaṁvohāra is not merely an administrative rule but reflects a profound view of human life. Money is a symbol of delusive projections--it represents comparison, competition, accumulation, and preparation for the future.
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