大方廣佛華嚴經
Chinese title:大方廣佛華嚴經
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36. CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX: THE PRACTICE OF SAMANTABHADRA
(Complete Chinese Canon, Volume 49)
The great bodhisattva Samantabhadra again addressed the assembly of bodhisattvas:
Children of the Buddhas! As previously stated, what has been taught is only a brief account of a small portion of the Tathagata’s realm, given according to the capacities and needs of sentient beings.
Why is this?
The Buddha-Bhagavats appear in the world for ignorant sentient beings who commit evil, cling to self and what belongs to self, attach themselves to the body, are deluded, confused, and doubtful, discriminate through wrong views, remain bound by fetters, follow the stream of birth and death, and are far removed from the Tathagata’s path.
Children of the Buddhas! I see no fault as grave as a bodhisattva giving rise to anger toward another bodhisattva. Why? Because when a bodhisattva becomes angry with another bodhisattva, he immediately brings to fulfillment a million gateways of obstruction.
What are these million gateways of obstruction?
They are: obstruction to seeing bodhi; obstruction to hearing the true Dharma; obstruction causing birth in an impure world; obstruction causing birth in an evil destiny; obstruction causing birth amid adversities; obstruction of frequent illness; obstruction of being frequently slandered; obstruction causing birth among the stubborn and dull; obstruction that destroys right mindfulness; obstruction that diminishes wisdom; obstruction of the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind; obstruction by evil spiritual guides; obstruction by evil companions; obstruction of delighting in cultivation of the Lesser Vehicle; obstruction of delighting in intimacy with ignorant ordinary people; obstruction of lacking joyful faith in persons of great spiritual power;
obstruction of delighting to dwell with those who have abandoned right view; obstruction causing birth in a non-Buddhist household; obstruction of dwelling in Māra’s realm; obstruction of departing from the Buddha’s teaching; obstruction of not seeing good friends; obstruction placing wholesome roots in peril; obstruction increasing unwholesome qualities; obstruction causing birth in an inferior station; obstruction causing birth in a borderland; obstruction causing birth in an evil household; obstruction causing birth among evil spirits, evil nāgas, evil yakṣas, evil gandharvas, evil asuras, evil garuḍas, evil kiṃnaras, evil mahoragas, and evil rākṣasas; obstruction of taking no delight in the Buddhadharma; obstruction of delighting in childish pursuits;
obstruction of delighting in the Lesser Vehicle; obstruction of taking no pleasure in the Great Vehicle; obstruction of a habitually fearful nature; obstruction of a mind constantly afflicted by sorrow; obstruction of delighting in birth and death; obstruction of not devoting oneself to the Buddhadharma; obstruction of taking no delight in seeing or hearing the Buddha’s sovereign spiritual powers; obstruction of not obtaining the faculties of a bodhisattva; obstruction of not practicing a bodhisattva’s pure conduct; obstruction of losing a bodhisattva’s profound resolve; obstruction of not producing a bodhisattva’s great vows; obstruction of not generating the aspiration for omniscience; obstruction of laziness regarding bodhisattva practices;
obstruction of being unable to purify all karma; obstruction of being unable to gather vast merit; obstruction preventing the power of wisdom from becoming keen and luminous; obstruction severing vast wisdom; obstruction of not preserving bodhisattva practices; obstruction of delighting in disparaging the teachings of omniscience; obstruction of becoming separated from the bodhi of all Buddhas; obstruction of delighting to remain in Māra’s realm; obstruction of not devotedly cultivating the Buddha’s realm; obstruction of not resolutely making a bodhisattva’s vast vows; obstruction of taking no delight in dwelling with bodhisattvas; obstruction of not seeking a bodhisattva’s wholesome roots; obstruction of a nature filled with doubt; obstruction of a mind constantly darkened by ignorance;
obstruction of refusing to relinquish because one cannot practice a bodhisattva’s impartial giving; obstruction of breaking precepts because one cannot maintain the Buddha’s precepts; obstruction of producing delusion, affliction, anger, and hatred because one cannot enter the gateway of patient endurance; obstruction of producing laziness because one cannot practice a bodhisattva’s great vigor; obstruction of producing distraction because one cannot attain samādhis; obstruction of producing evil wisdom because one does not cultivate prajnaparamita; obstruction of lacking skill regarding what is and is not possible; obstruction of lacking skillful means in liberating sentient beings; obstruction of being unable to contemplate through bodhisattva wisdom;
obstruction of being unable to understand a bodhisattva’s Dharma of liberation; obstruction of having eyes like one born blind because one has not perfected a bodhisattva’s ten vast kinds of eyes; obstruction of having a mouth like a mute sheep because one’s ears do not hear the unobstructed Dharma; obstruction of an impaired faculty of smell because one lacks the excellent marks; obstruction concerning the tongue because one cannot clearly discern the speech of sentient beings; obstruction concerning the body because one despises sentient beings; obstruction concerning the mind because the mind is often deranged and confused; obstruction concerning bodily karma because one does not maintain the three kinds of discipline;
obstruction concerning verbal karma because one constantly commits the four verbal faults; obstruction concerning mental karma because of abundant greed, anger, and wrong views; obstruction of seeking the Dharma with the mind of a thief; obstruction severing the bodhisattva’s realm; obstruction of becoming timid and retreating amid the courageous Dharma of bodhisattvas; obstruction of becoming indolent on the bodhisattva’s path of liberation; obstruction of giving up at the gateway of the radiant wisdom of bodhisattvas; obstruction of becoming weak in the bodhisattva’s power of mindfulness; obstruction of being unable to uphold the Tathagata’s teaching; obstruction of being unable to approach the bodhisattva’s path transcending birth;
obstruction of being unable to cultivate the unfailing bodhisattva path; obstruction of conforming to the fixed stages of the Two Vehicles; and obstruction of becoming separated from the lineage of the Buddhas and bodhisattvas of the three times.
Children of the Buddhas! If a bodhisattva gives rise to a single thought of anger toward another bodhisattva, he brings to fulfillment such a million gateways of obstruction. I see no evil fault as grave as a bodhisattva becoming angry with another bodhisattva. Therefore, great bodhisattvas who wish quickly to perfect bodhisattva practice must diligently cultivate ten dharmas:
First, never abandon any sentient being.
Second, regard all bodhisattvas as Buddhas.
Third, never slander any Buddhadharma.
Fourth, know that all lands are inexhaustible.
Fifth, possess profound joyful faith in bodhisattva practices.
Sixth, never abandon the mind of bodhi, which is equal to space and the dharma-dhatu.
Seventh, contemplate bodhi and enter the Tathagata’s powers.
Eighth, diligently cultivate unobstructed eloquence.
Ninth, teach and transform sentient beings without weariness.
Tenth, dwell in all worlds without a mind of defiled attachment.
Children of the Buddhas! Having abided in these ten dharmas, a great bodhisattva can perfect ten kinds of purity:
First, the purity of penetrating the exceedingly profound Dharma.
Second, the purity of drawing near good spiritual friends.
Third, the purity of preserving the Dharma of all Buddhas.
Fourth, the purity of comprehending the realm of space.
Fifth, the purity of deeply entering the dharma-dhatu.
Sixth, the purity of contemplating the boundless mind.
Seventh, the purity of sharing wholesome roots with bodhisattvas.
Eighth, the purity of not attaching to any kalpa.
Ninth, the purity of contemplating the three times.
Tenth, the purity of cultivating all Buddhadharmas.
Children of the Buddhas! Having abided in these ten dharmas, a great bodhisattva perfects ten kinds of vast wisdom:
First, wisdom knowing every mental activity of sentient beings.
Second, wisdom knowing every karmic retribution of sentient beings.
Third, wisdom knowing all Buddhadharmas.
Fourth, wisdom knowing the profound and esoteric purport of all Buddhadharmas.
Fifth, wisdom knowing all dhāraṇī gateways.
Sixth, wisdom knowing all scripts and forms of eloquence.
Seventh, wisdom knowing the languages, sounds, expressions, eloquence, and skillful means of all sentient beings.
Eighth, wisdom manifesting one’s body throughout all worlds.
Ninth, wisdom manifesting one’s image throughout all assemblies and places of enlightenment.
Tenth, wisdom fully possessing omniscience in every place of birth.
Children of the Buddhas! Having abided in these ten wisdoms, a great bodhisattva attains ten kinds of universal interpenetration:
First, all worlds enter one pore, and one pore enters all worlds.
Second, all bodies of sentient beings enter one body, and one body enters all bodies of sentient beings.
Third, all kalpas enter one thought, and one thought enters all kalpas.
Fourth, all Buddhadharmas enter one dharma, and one dharma enters all Buddhadharmas.
Fifth, ineffable places enter one place, and one place enters ineffable places.
Sixth, ineffable faculties enter one faculty, and one faculty enters ineffable faculties.
Seventh, all faculties enter non-faculty, and non-faculty enters all faculties.
Eighth, all perceptions enter one perception, and one perception enters all perceptions.
Ninth, all sounds of speech enter one sound of speech, and one sound of speech enters all sounds of speech.
Tenth, all three times enter one time, and one time enters all three times.
Children of the Buddhas! Having contemplated in this manner, a great bodhisattva abides in ten sublime minds:
First, the sublime mind abiding in all languages and non-languages of every world.
Second, the sublime mind abiding in all thoughts of sentient beings without dependence.
Third, the sublime mind abiding at the ultimate extent of space.
Fourth, the sublime mind abiding in the boundless dharma-dhatu.
Fifth, the sublime mind abiding in the profundity and mystery of all Buddhadharmas.
Sixth, the sublime mind abiding in the exceedingly profound and undifferentiated Dharma.
Seventh, the sublime mind abiding in the elimination of every doubt and delusion.
Eighth, the sublime mind abiding in the equality and non-differentiation of all times.
Ninth, the sublime mind abiding in the equality of all Buddhas of the three times.
Tenth, the sublime mind abiding in the immeasurable powers of all Buddhas.
Children of the Buddhas! Having abided in these ten sublime minds, a great bodhisattva attains ten kinds of skillful wisdom concerning the Buddhadharma:
First, skillful wisdom that comprehends and gives rise to the exceedingly profound and vast Buddhadharma.
Second, skillful wisdom that expounds the many kinds of Buddhadharma.
Third, skillful wisdom that realizes and enters the equality of the Buddhadharma.
Fourth, skillful wisdom that clearly understands the distinctions within the Buddhadharma.
Fifth, skillful wisdom that awakens to and understands the non-differentiation of the Buddhadharma.
Sixth, skillful wisdom that deeply enters the adornments of the Buddhadharma.
Seventh, skillful wisdom that enters the Buddhadharma through one skillful means.
Eighth, skillful wisdom that enters the Buddhadharma through immeasurable skillful means.
Ninth, skillful wisdom that knows the boundless and undifferentiated Buddhadharma.
Tenth, skillful wisdom that, through the power of one’s own mind, never retreats from any Buddhadharma.
Children of the Buddhas! Having heard this Dharma, great bodhisattvas should respectfully accept and uphold it. By accepting and upholding this Dharma, with little effort they quickly attain unsurpassed complete and perfect enlightenment, fully acquire all Buddhadharmas, and become equal to the Buddhadharma of the three times.
Then, through the Buddha’s spiritual power and because the Dharma is thus, in each of the ten directions worlds as numerous as the dust motes in ten ineffable hundreds of thousands of kotis of nayutas of Buddha-lands quaked in six ways. Clouds rained down every flower surpassing those of the devas, as well as clouds of incense, powdered incense, garments, canopies, banners, pennants, maṇi jewels, and every kind of adornment.
There rained clouds of music, clouds of bodhisattvas, clouds of ineffable forms and characteristics of the Tathagata, and clouds of ineffable praises proclaiming, “Excellent!” There also rained clouds of the Tathagata’s voice filling the entire dharma-dhatu, clouds of ineffable world-adornments, clouds of ineffable growth in bodhi, clouds of ineffable radiant light, and clouds of ineffable spiritual powers of teaching the Dharma.
Just as in this world the Tathagata was seen attaining complete and perfect enlightenment at the bodhi seat beneath the bodhi tree, within the bodhisattva palace, and expounding this Dharma, so too was it in every world throughout the ten directions.
Then, through the Buddha’s spiritual power and because the Dharma is thus, from beyond worlds in every direction as numerous as the dust motes in ten ineffable Buddha-lands, great bodhisattvas as numerous as the dust motes in ten Buddha-lands came to this realm. Filling all ten directions, they said in unison:
“Excellent! Excellent! The Buddha’s child Samantabhadra is able to teach the profound Dharma of the Tathagata’s extremely great vows and predictions.
“Buddha’s child! We are all named Samantabhadra. We have come to this realm from Universal Excellence World, from the presence of the Tathagata Universal Banner Sovereign. Through the Buddha’s spiritual power, we expound this Dharma everywhere. In every place it is entirely equal to what has been taught in this assembly, without addition or diminution.
“We have all come to this place of enlightenment, borne by the Buddha’s awesome spiritual power, to bear witness for you, Buddha’s child.
“Just as great bodhisattvas as numerous as the dust motes in ten Buddha-lands have come to this place of enlightenment to bear witness, so too is it in all worlds throughout the ten directions.”
Then the great bodhisattva Samantabhadra, through the Buddha’s spiritual power and the power of his own wholesome roots, contemplated the ten directions to the utmost extent of the dharma-dhatu. Wishing to reveal bodhisattva practices, proclaim the Tathagata’s realm of bodhi, describe the realm of great vows and the numbers of kalpas in all worlds, explain how Buddhas appear in the world according to the needs of each time, explain how the Tathagata appears according to the ripened faculties of sentient beings so that they may make offerings, show that the Tathagata’s appearance in the world is never fruitless, show that wholesome roots once planted certainly bear fruit,
and explain how bodhisattvas of great spiritual power manifest forms and teach the Dharma for the awakening of all sentient beings, he spoke these verses:
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