Xct Mu Bi Pm Pc 115Getting Trainees to Massage

The Sutta on Having Trainees Massage

Background

The Vinaya Piṭaka is the collection of texts regulating the discipline and ethics of the Sangha. In it, the daily rules of conduct for monastics are set out in detail in order to maintain the spirit of pure practice. The passage on “Sikkhamānā-ummaddāpana” (having trainees massage) arises from a specific situation in the life of the Sangha: the handling of daily tasks and the bodily comfort of bhikkhus.

According to the Theravāda tradition, Vinaya rules were established gradually when the Buddha observed violations or unsuitable situations and then set forth legal rules to regulate them. This sutta concerns whether a bhikkhu may ask trainees (sikkhamānā, women training under the precepts) to perform tasks in daily life, specifically massage and bodily care.

Main Content

In the development of ethical rules, the Buddha or the Sangha recognized the need for clear boundaries between tasks that may be entrusted to attendants or trainees, and tasks that should not be assigned. In particular, bodily contact between a bhikkhu, one who has gone forth, and outsiders must be regulated in order to avoid afflictions and mistakes.

The Sikkhamānā-ummaddāpana Sutta concerns whether a bhikkhu may ask trainees to massage, rub, or care for the body. This is a matter related to the rule against unnecessary bodily contact and activities that may lead to attachment or affliction.

According to the Vinaya Piṭaka, basic bodily care such as massage may be entrusted to lay attendants or trainees, those who are not yet fully committed to the strictest precepts of the bhikkhu. Nevertheless, strict control is required so that this task does not become an opportunity for improper actions or excessive intimacy.

Practical Meaning

This rule reflects a core principle of the Vinaya: protecting purity (brahmacariya) and upholding common benefit, that is, actions beneficial to the community.