San Mu Bu Pm GBM 2 Pc 56Living With an Ejected Monastic
Pāli / Sanskrit:Ukkhittasambhoga
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DISCOURSE ON LIVING WITH ONE EXPELLED FROM THE COMMUNITY
(Ukkhittasambhoga — Vinaya Piṭaka, Theravāda)
Background
The Ukkhittasambhoga discourse (Living with one who has been expelled) is an important rule in the Vinaya Piṭaka of early Buddhism, specifically in the Pātimokkha, the code of restraint for bhikkhus. This discourse arises from the need to regulate communal relationships when a monastic has been formally expelled (ukkhitta) by the monastic community because of a serious breach of the rules or refusal to accept correction.
The historical context of this rule is related to maintaining discipline and unity in the Sangha. The Buddha and the elders saw that clear regulations were needed for handling members who violated the rules, not only to protect the purity of the community but also to help the expelled person have an opportunity to recognize the fault and amend it.
Main Content
The discourse prescribes that when a bhikkhu has been formally expelled by the community, being refused communion, other members of the Sangha must not live together, eat together, or converse normally with that person. This is not arbitrary punishment, but a measure of training intended to create social pressure so that the expelled person will reflect and correct his conduct.
However, the discourse also sets out conditions for ending the state of expulsion. If the expelled person genuinely admits the fault, abandons the offending conduct, and commits to practicing according to the Dhamma, the community has an opportunity to receive him back. This process must take place solemnly, through an official decision of the Sangha.
The distinctive point of the discourse is that it balances strictness and compassion. The aim is not permanent punishment, but education and reform. Temporary isolation is regarded as a therapy, like separating a diseased branch from a tree to protect the rest.
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