San Lo Bi Vb Pc 24Encouraging Another Monastic to Eat More After Refusing an Invitation
Pāli / Sanskrit:Dutiyapavāraṇā
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The Dutiyapavāraṇā Rule: Encouraging a Fellow Monastic to Eat More After Refusing an Invitation
Background
This rule originates in the Vinaya Piṭaka of the Theravāda Buddhist tradition, in the Pācittiya section (Pāli: Pācittiyavibhaṅga), the rules concerning minor offenses in the monastic Vinaya. These Vinaya rules were formulated based on specific situations that occurred in the monastic community during the Buddha’s time.
The historical background of this rule relates to regulations governing the eating of bhikkhus. In early Buddhist monastic life, eating was not only a biological need but also a means of spiritual practice. Matters concerning food, quantity, and manner of eating were all governed by Buddhist discipline in order to protect the precepts, maintain discipline within the Sangha, and direct bhikkhus toward the goal of awakening.
Dutiyapavāraṇā in Pāli means “the second refusal.” This rule addresses the situation in which a bhikkhu refuses another person’s invitation to eat but is later encouraged by another bhikkhu to eat more.
Main Content
According to the rule in the Vinaya Piṭaka, when a bhikkhu receives food, rice or main food, during meals of the Sangha, he should not refuse and then later accept more. This is considered inappropriate according to the discipline because it expresses greed or inconsistency of intention.
However, this rule specifically addresses a more subtle case: when a bhikkhu initially refuses an invitation to eat, for example, not wishing to take more rice, but is then encouraged and drawn by another bhikkhu to eat more. The act of encouraging additional eating, when done unreasonably or in order to urge another to exceed his needs, is regarded as a Pācittiya violation, a minor rule.
This Vinaya rule emphasizes that each bhikkhu should respect the decision and intention of another in matters of eating. One should not encourage, persuade, or compel a practitioner to eat beyond what he feels is necessary.
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